有机肥替代部分化肥对云南大叶茶产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Partial Organic Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Yunnan Large-leaf Tea

作　　者：陈检锋[1] 杨向德 马立锋[2] 倪康[2] 阮建云[2] 付利波[1] CHEN Jianfeng;YANG Xiangde;MA Lifeng;NI Kang;RUAN Jianyun;FU Libo(Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resource,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Tea Plant Biology and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所农业农村部茶树生物学与资源利用重点实验室,浙江杭州310008

出　　处：《中国茶叶》2022年第10期49-54,共6页China Tea

基　　金：云南省科技人才和平台计划(202102AE090038);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1601100);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助。

摘　　要：为了探究有机肥替代部分化肥对云南大叶茶产量和品质的影响,以凤庆大叶群体种为研究对象,设置不施肥(CK)、农民习惯施肥(FFP)和有机肥替代部分化肥(NPKM) 3个试验处理,对茶叶产量进行连续3年(2018—2020)的监测并对其品质成分(茶多酚、氨基酸和咖啡碱)进行测定。结果表明,NPKM处理显著提高了茶叶产量和品质,与FFP处理相比,茶叶产量提高了20.0%,茶多酚、氨基酸以及酚氨比分别增加了15.9%、6.5%和8.9%,而咖啡碱无显著性变化,此外,回归分析发现茶叶产量、茶多酚含量、氨基酸含量和咖啡碱含量与化学氮施用量之间存在先增加后降低的二次函数关系,而除了咖啡碱以外,其与有机氮施用量之间呈显著线性正相关关系。In order to explore the effect of partial organic substitution for chemical fertilizer on the yield and quality of Yunnan large-leaf tea,the Fengqing large-leaf tea population was selected as research object,and three treatments including no fertilization(CK),farmers’ fertilization practice(FFP) and partial organic substitution for chemical fertilizer(NPKM) were set.Tea yield for three consecutive years(2018—2020) and tea quality(tea polyphenols and amino acids)were determined.The results show that partial organic substitution for chemical fertilizer significantly improved tea yield and quality.Compared with FFP treatment,tea yield was increased by 20%.Polyphenols,amino acids and the ratio of polyphenols to amino acids were increased by 15.9% 6.5% and 8.9% respectively,but no significant change in caffeine was observed.In addition,there was a significant quadratic function relationship between tea yield,polyphenols,amino acids,caffeine contents and chemical N application which first increased and then decreased.Except for caffeine,a significant positive linear relationship was identified between tea yield,polyphenols,amino acids and organic N application.

关 键 词：有机肥替代化肥 云南大叶种 茶叶产量 茶叶品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]