恩施土家烟熏腊肉挥发性成分提取  

Extraction of volatile components from Enshi Tujia smoked bacon

作　　者：刘双双 冯亮 谢雅婷 张路晗 杨艳 余爱农 LIU Shuangshuang;FENG Liang;XIE Yating;ZHANG Luhan;YANG Yan;YU Ainong(School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China;Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province,Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北民族大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北恩施445000 [2]生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室湖北民族大学,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第9期1881-1893,共13页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960512);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2018CFB650);生物资源保护与利用湖北省重点实验室(湖北民族大学)基金项目(PT012010)。

摘　　要：采用索氏提取法(SE)、水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)、同时蒸馏萃取法(SDE)和顶空固相微萃取法(HS-SPME)提取恩施土家烟熏腊肉挥发性物质。结合GC-MS技术对挥发性物质进行了分析,并对比了各提取方法对挥发性物质分布与含量的影响;此外,对挥发性物质进行了风味总结和嗅闻分析。结果表明,4种提取方法提取的挥发性物质种类分别为83、53、79和62种,其中相同的挥发性物质有22种。挥发性物质分别为烃类、醇类、酚类、醛类、酮类、酸类、酯类、醚类及其他含硫含氮杂环化合物;各挥发性物质含量较大的为HS-SPME提取得到的苯酚,为42016.73 ng/g。通过各挥发性物质的香气活度值(OAV)分析发现,对恩施土家烟熏腊肉风味有贡献的主要风味物质有59种,其中OAV较突出的为经HS-SPME提取得到的愈创木酚,高达10934。尽管不同提取方法各有优缺点,可以相互补充,但HS-SPME得到的大部分挥发性物质的相对含量比其他方法要高。Volatile substances of Enshi Tujia smoked bacon(ETSB) were extracted by Soxhlet extraction,steam distillation,simultaneous distillation-extraction and headspace solid-phase microextraction,respectively.The effects of different extraction methods on the distribution and content of volatile substances extracted were then compared following GC-MS analysis,and the flavor and odor profiles were summarized.The results showed that the number of components in volatile substances extracted by the four different methods were 83,53,79 and 62,respectively,with 22 in common.The main components were hydrocarbons,alcohols,phenols,aldehydes,ketones,acids,esters,ethers and other sulfur-containing nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds with the content of phenol extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction the highest(42016.73 ng/g).Furthermore,odor activity value(OAV) analysis demonstrated that roughly 59compounds contributed to the flavor of ETSB,among which guaiacol extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction exhibited the most prominent OAV of 10934.Although different extraction methods had advantages and disadvantages and could complement each other,the relative content of most volatile substances obtained by headspace solid phase microextraction was higher in comparison to those extraced by other methods.

关 键 词：烟熏腊肉 挥发性物质 香气活度值 提取 嗅闻分析 气质联用 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学] R284.2[理学—化学]