贵州省册亨县和望谟县大型真菌资源收集及鉴定分析  

Resource collection and diversity of macrofungi resources at Wangmo and Ceheng in Guizhou province

作　　者：李彪 尚念杰 杨通静[1,2,3,4] 赵德刚 朱国胜[1,2,3,4] 周佳佳[5] 苏荣荣 武华文 桂阳 LI Biao;SHANG Nianjie;YANG Tongjing;ZHAO Degang;ZHU Guosheng;ZHOU Jiajia;SU Rongrong;WU Huawen;GUI Yang(Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guizhou Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China;Guizhou Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Breeding,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China;Resource Breeding Function Laboratory of Guizhou Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System of Edible Fungi,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China;Resource Breeding Laboratory of Guizhou Engineering Research Center of Edible Fung,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China;Qianxinan Institute of Karstregional Development of Guizhou Province,Xingyi 562499,Guizhou,China;Southwest Guizhou Vocational and Technical College for Nationalities,Xingyi 562499,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院·贵州省农作物品种资源研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州省食用菌育种重点实验室,贵阳550006 [3]贵州省食用菌现代农业产业技术体系资源育种功能实验室,贵阳550006 [4]贵州省食用菌工程技术研究中心资源育种实验室,贵阳550006 [5]贵州省黔西南州喀斯特区域发展研究院,贵州兴义562499 [6]黔西南民族职业技术学院,贵州兴义562499

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2022年第10期26-33,共8页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：贵州省菌物资源普查及创新利用(黔科合支撑[2019]2451号);贵州省食用菌育种重点实验室(黔科合平台人才[2019]5105);贵州省天麻竹荪育种和栽培科技创新人才团队(黔科合平台人才[2018]5619);贵州省药用菌产业化配套技术集成服务企业行动计划(黔科合服企[2018]4006);贵州省特色珍稀食用菌菌种选育及扩繁关键技术研究与应用示范(黔科合重大专项字[2019]3008)。

摘　　要：为保护、开发和利用贵州省大型真菌资源,采用踏查和走访调查法对贵州省册亨县和望谟县大型真菌资源进行调查,通过形态学和分子生物学方法对收集的大型真菌资源进行鉴定。研究结果显示,共采集353个样品,成功鉴定出134个种,隶属于2门13纲23目48科74属,其中子囊菌门有8纲12目12科13属15种,占总数的11.19%;担子菌门有5纲11目36科61属119种,占总数的88.81%;主要生长在针阔混交林中,占比44.19%;竹林中较少,占比0.57%。优势科有多孔菌科(Polyporaceae)、红菇科(Russulaceae)、牛肝菌科(Boletaceae)等9科,占总数的69.46%;优势属有乳菇属(Lactarius)、粉孢牛肝菌属(Tylopilus)、红菇属(Russula)等18属,占总数的66.88%;食药用菌占5.38%,食用菌占15.01%,毒菌占7.08%。研究结果为册亨县和望谟县食用菌产业品种选择和野生菌保护抚育奠定了基础。In order to protect,develop and use macrofungi resources in Guizhou Province,we conducted field collection and investigation of macrofungi resources during the period of the fungi entity of Ceheng and Wangmo County in Guizhou.Atotal of 353 fungi were collected,and 134 species were identified.They belongs to 2 phyla,13 classes,23 orders,48 families and 74 genera.Among them,there were 15 species of 8 classes,12 orders,12 families and 13 genera in the Ascomycota,accounting for 11.19%.The 119 species of basidiomycetes belongs to 5 classes,11 orders,36 families and 61 genera,accounting for 88.81%;The main habitat was mixed forest,accounting for 44.19%.There were few bamboo forests,accounting for 0.57%.There were 9 advance families such as Polyporaceae,Russulaceae and Boletaceae,accounting for 69.46%;The dominant genera were Lactarius,Tylopilus and Russula,accounting for 66.88%;Among them,5.38%of the edible and medicenal,15.01%of edible fungi,7.08%of poisonous fungi.The research results laid the foundation for the selection of the variety of edible fungi industry end the protection of macrofungi in Ceheng andWangmo County.

关 键 词：大型真菌 食用菌 药用菌 食药用菌 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]