试说商末征人方路线中的几个未释地名  

A Talk about Several Geographical-Names along the Late Shang Dynasty's Punitive Expedition against Renfang

作　　者：陈絜[1] Chen Jie

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2022年第9期4-14,130,共12页Palace Museum Journal

基　　金：“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”资助项目“甲骨金文地理资料整理与研究”(项目编号:G1601)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：十祀征人方路线的复原,是殷墟卜辞地名与晚商地理空间构架工作的核心基础,目前还存在一些未经释读或尚未找到文献依据的待考地名,如沘、蝍、綘三地就比较典型。经由研究可知,沘可读费,即《左传》僖公元年季友之费邑,在今临沂费县北;蝍即《春秋》庄公九年鲁齐会盟地蔇,在今临沂兰陵境内;綘即《左传》文公十二年误刻为“郕邽”的郕国“封”邑,其地在今泰安、新泰一带。由此说明商纣东征曾涉足鲁南南端。这一沿浚河西岸从鲁中直抵鲁南的交通线路,与花园庄东地甲骨所记载的南路交通线基本契合。尤须强调的是,从事卜辞地理研究,具体地名的地望考证要以相关地名组群的方位判断为前提。传统的单一地名“文献比勘法”,对晚商政治地理空间复原作用有限。That the routes get reconstructed as original along the punitive expedition framework of the place names in the oracle inscriptions of the Yinxu Ruin site corresponding to the geographical locations of the late Shang dynasty.The analysis in the thesis focuses on several place-names that have not yet been interpreted or defined for any reasons such as the characters of’沘(bǐ)’,’蝍(jí)’,’綘(féng)’in Chinese pinyin(the same below).The points are as follows:’沘(bǐ)’is also pronounced’费(fèi)’,it stands for the place of‘费(fèi)’as recorded in the classical literature of Zuo Zhuan of the 1styear of King Xi,now the northern Fei(费)County of Linyi in Shandong Province.’蝍’(jí)’stands for the place of蔇(jì)where the Kings of the States of Lu and Qi had an alliance by the historical annals of Chun Qiu of the 9thyear of King Zhuang,it is now in the territory of Lanling County of Linyi in Shandong Province.’絳(féng)’was misprinted as’郕邽’in Zuo Zhuan of the 12thyear of King Wen,it stands for the’封(fēng)’fiefdom of the State of Cheng(郕chéng)in the Zhou Dynasty,the present areas around Tai’an and Xintai.What is analyzed above suggests that the King Zhou’s expedition once reached the south end of the State of Lu along the west bank of the Xun River from the central to the south,which in general matches the southern route recorded in the oracle inscriptions unearthed at the eastern Huayuanzhuang site.The specific geographical position of a certain place name in the oracle inscriptions is determined on the basis of the location of the related place names in geographical orientation.The traditional method of’archives contrast’applied to the location of a single place-name is of limited use to the relo cation of the spatial political-geographical pattern in the late Shang Dynasty.

关 键 词：晚商 卜辞 征人方路线 地理研究方法 地名组群 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K928.6[历史地理—历史学] K223