西藏青少年2019年吸烟行为现状及相关因素分析  

Epidemiology and associated factors of smoking behavior among adolescents in Tibet in 2019

作　　者：国胜[1] 拉布·拉巴卓玛 GUO Sheng;LABU Labazhuoma(Institute of Health Education,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Tibet Autonomous Region,Lhasa(850000),China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,拉萨850000

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2022年第9期1333-1336,1341,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的 了解西藏青少年烟草使用现状及影响因素,为开展有针对性的控烟干预提供技术依据。方法 于2019年8—10月,采用与人口数量规模成比例的整群抽样方法抽取西藏4 983名学生进行问卷调查,采用χ^(2)检验和非条件Logistic回归分析探讨西藏青少年现在吸烟率的相关因素。结果 2019年西藏青少年现在吸烟率为11.3%(563/4 983),尝试吸烟率为21.8%(1 086/4 983),二手烟暴露率为62.4%(3 111/4 983)。82.9%的吸烟者表示想要戒烟,79.9%的吸烟者在过去12个月内有过尝试戒烟行为,仅有11.7%的吸烟者表示受到过专业人员的戒烟帮助或建议。Logistic回归分析结果显示,城市(OR=2.38)、三年级(OR=1.51)、学校类型为普通高中(OR=2.90)或职业高中(OR=3.53)、男生(OR=16.93)、每周零花钱≥50元(OR=1.93)、暴露于二手烟(OR=16.12)、认为二手烟可能会(OR=1.40)或可能不会(OR=4.89)产生危害、暴露于烟草广告(OR=1.83)、朋友吸烟(OR=7.47)、几乎每天能看到教师吸烟(OR=1.79)与青少年现在吸烟行为均呈正相关;认为吸烟行为能减少吸引力(OR=0.54)与青少年现在吸烟行为呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论 2019年西藏青少年吸烟及尝试吸烟行为较普遍,二手烟暴露问题较严重,职业高中学生是开展控烟干预的重点人群,学校为控烟干预的重点场所。Objective To understand the current status and associated factors of smoking behavior among adolescents in Tibet. Methods From August to October 2019, 4 983 students were selected by PPS and cluster sampling for questionnaire survey. The Chi-square test and unconditional Logistic regression analysis were used to explore associated factors of smoking among adolescents in Tibet. Results In 2019, current smoking rate of Tibetan adolescents was 11.3%(563/4 983), attempted smoking rate was 21.8%(1 086/4 983), and the rate of second-hand smoke exposure was 62.4%(3 111/4 983). Among the 563 current smokers, 82.9% reported they wanted to quit smoking, 79.9% had made a quit attempt in the past 12 months, and only 11.7% received help or advice from professionals. Logistic regression analysis showed that city(OR=2.38), third grade(OR=1.51), high school(OR=2.90) or vocational high school(OR=3.53), boys(OR=16.93), pocket money ≥50 yuan per week(OR=1.93), exposure to second-hand smoke(OR=16.12), awareness of harm from second-hand smoke(OR=1.40), no awareness of harm from second-hand smoke(OR=4.89), exposure to tobacco advertising(OR=1.83), friend smoking(OR=7.47) and observing teacher smoking every day(OR=1.79) were associated with more teenagers’ current smoking behaviors. Perceived low attractiveness in smoking behavior(OR=0.54) was associated with lower teenagers’ current smoking behavior(P<0.05). Conclusion Smoking and attempted smoking are common among Tibetan adolescents in 2019, and second-hand smoke exposure is serious. Vocational high school students are the key population for tobacco control intervention, and schools are the primary places for tobacco control intervention.

关 键 词：吸烟 行为 烟草烟污染 回归分析 青少年 少数民族 

分 类 号：G478[文化科学—教育学] R179[文化科学—教育技术学] R193[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]