微波辐射技术在食品微生物中的应用  

Application of microwave radiation technology in food microorganism

作　　者：王艳[1] 苑宏博 董迎迎 李虹佳 赵宁[1] 孙立瑞 辛嘉英[1,2] 张兰威[3] WANG Yan;YUAN Hong-Bo;DONG Ying-Ying;LI Hong-Jia;ZHAO Ning;SUN Li-Rui;XIN Jia-Ying;ZHANG Lan-Wei(College of Food Engineering,Harbin University of Commerce,Harbin 150076,China;State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation,Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Chemical and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150076,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨商业大学食品科学与工程重点实验室,哈尔滨150076 [2]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,羰基合成与选择氧化国家重点实验室,兰州730000 [3]哈尔滨工业大学化工学院食品科学与工程系,哈尔滨150076

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第18期5974-5982,共9页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021C051);哈尔滨商业大学青年创新人才项目青年后备人才专项(2019CX33);黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项支撑行动计划子课题项目(2021ZX12B07-2);中央支持地方高校改革发展资金人才培养支持计划项目(高水平人才)(304017)。

摘　　要：微波辐射作为一种新型的物理处理手段,因其具有清洁、高效、无污染、节能省时、操作简便等优点,广泛应用于食品杀菌及微生物育种等研究领域。微波辐射对食品微生物的作用主要在两方面,其一为基于微波辐射的热效应对有害微生物进行控制和微生物细胞内外有益物质的提取;其二为利用微波辐射的非热效应进行食品用微生物菌种资源的开发与选育和优化微生物发酵。微波热效应与非热效应均可以改变微生物的生理性状及代谢能力,进而实现微生物的高效优化诱导和灭菌。本文针对微波辐射在食品微生物诱变育种、有害微生物的高效控制、发酵特性的优化及微生物源功能性物质的提取分离等方面的应用研究与作用机制进行了相关综述,为微波辐射技术在食品微生物领域中的应用提供理论参考。As a new physical treatment method,microwave radiation has been widely used in food sterilization and microbial breeding research fields due to its advantages of clean,efficient,pollution-free,energy-saving,time-saving,and simple operation.The effects of microwave radiation on food microorganisms are mainly in two aspects.One of them is the control of harmful microorganisms and the extraction of beneficial substances inside and outside of microbial cells based on the thermal effect of microwave radiation.Secondly,developing and breeding microbial strain resources for food and optimizing microbial fermentation based on the non-thermal effect of microwave radiation.Both the thermal and non-thermal effects of microwaves can change the physiological traits and metabolic ability of microorganisms,thereby achieving efficient and optimal induction and sterilization of microorganisms.In this paper,the application research and action mechanism of microwave radiation in food microbial mutation breeding,efficient control of harmful microorganisms,optimization of fermentation characteristics and extraction and separation of microbial derived functional substances were reviewed,which provided a theoretical reference for the application of microwave radiation technology in the field of food microbiology.

关 键 词：微波辐射 诱变育种 控制有害微生物 优化发酵 提取分离 

分 类 号：TS207.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]