培养小学生计算思维的教学模型研究  

A Teaching Model for Cultivating Pupils’Computational Thinking

作　　者：李幸[1] 周晓春[1] 李晓夏[1] LI Xing;ZHOU Xiaochun;LI Xiaoxia

机构地区：[1]江汉大学教育学院,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期114-123,128,共11页Journal of Jianghan University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：湖北省教育科学规划项目“基于设计的STEM+AI模式培养小学生计算思维的理论与实证研究”(2021GB022);江汉大学2021年高层次人才科研启动项目“融合STEM+人工智能课程促进小学生计算思维的理论与实证研究”。

摘　　要：为迎接物联网人工智能时代的挑战,世界各国逐渐重视计算思维的培养,尤其强调从小培养计算思维。本研究提出设计型STEM+AI的教学模型,旨在为培养小学生计算思维提出新路径。该模型融合STEM与人工智能(AI)学科内容知识,通过设计型学习步骤为基础,培养小学生的计算思维能力。本研究通过单组前后测实验,通过计算思维的多维度测评方式,包括计算思维测试(CTT)、Bebras以及计算思维量表(CTS)多维量表,对武汉市某小学六年级学生的计算思维能力进行测试。研究表明,设计型STEM+AI教学模型在计算思维的多维测量上均能显著提升小学生的计算思维能力。本研究构建了培养小学生计算思维的创新教学模型——设计型STEM+AI,并详细阐述和分析了该教学模型促进计算思维的教学案例,为我国小学人工智能教学、STEM跨学科教学的研究与实践提供参考。To meet the emerging challenges of the Internet of Things and AI era,countries across the world are paying more attention to cultivating students’computational thinking,especially those at a young age.The design type of teaching model,STEM+AI,is proposed as a new path to cultivate pupils’computational thinking.Based on the design type of learning steps,it integrates the discipline contents and knowledge of STEM and AI,to cultivate elementary school students’computational thinking capacity.The computational thinking capacity of a group of sixth graders at an elementary school in Wuhan City is tested through pre-and post-tests and multi-dimensional test modes.The dimensions include CTT,Bebras,and CTS.The research shows the design type of STEM+AI teaching model can prominently improve the subjects’computational thinking capacity on multiple dimensions.It establishes the design type of STEM+AI teaching model as an innovative teaching model for the cultivation of pupils’computational thinking by elaborating on and analyzing a teaching case in which the specific teaching model was used to improve students’computational thinking.The research is a reference for the research and practice of AI teaching in elementary schools and interdisciplinary STEM teaching in China.

关 键 词：计算思维 设计型学习 STEM+AI 教学模型 

分 类 号：G623.58[文化科学—教育学]