护生积极完美主义对拖延行为的影响:基于自我效能感和认知闭合需要的多重中介作用  

Effect of positive perfectionism and procrastination in nursing students: the multiple mediating effects of self-efficacy and need for cognitive closure

作　　者：刘芷静 石泽亚[2] 刘浚禹 盛丽娟[3] 汪健健[3,4] Liu Zhijing;Shi Zeya;Liu Junyu;Sheng Lijuana;Wang Jianjian(Medical School,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,410013,China;Department of Nursing,Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital(the First Affiliated Hospital,Hunan Normal University),Changsha,410005,China;Department of Clinical Nursing,the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha,410011,China;Department of Psychiatry and the National Clinical Research Centre for Mental Disorders,the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University,Changsha,410011,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学医学院,湖南长沙410013 [2]湖南省人民医院(湖南师范大学附属第一医院)科研部,湖南长沙410005 [3]中南大学湘雅二医院临床护理学教研室,湖南长沙410011 [4]中南大学湘雅二医院精神病学科、国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心,湖南长沙410011

出　　处：《现代临床护理》2022年第7期7-12,共6页Modern Clinical Nursing

基　　金：湖南省卫健委科研计划项目课题,项目编号为202103090830;湖南省财政厅课题,项目编号为2050205。

摘　　要：目的分析护生拖延行为及其积极完美主义、自我效能感、认知闭合需要的现状,并探讨护生自我效能感、认知闭合需要在积极完美主义和拖延行为中的多重中介作用。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年4月至6月湖南省8所护理院校505名护生为研究对象,采用一般情况问卷、Lay一般拖延量表(general procrastination scale,GPS)、中文版Frost多维完美主义量表(Chinese frost multidimensional perfectionism scale,CFMPS)和一般自我效能感量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)进行调查。采用Pearson相关分析探讨各变量之间的关系,采用SPSS插件PROCESS v3.3程序和自抽样方法(Bootstrap)验证模型的中介效应。结果护生拖延行为总分(58.12±10.48)分,处于中等水平;积极完美主义总分(24.76±3.63)分,处于较高水平;自我效能感总分(24.87±4.83)分,处于中等偏上水平;认知闭合需要总分(145.71±12.79)分,处于中等偏上水平。护生拖延行为分别与积极完美主义、自我效能感、认知闭合需要呈负相关(P<0.01,P<0.001)。护生积极完美主义分别与自我效能感、认知闭合需要呈正相关(P<0.01,P<0.001)。路径分析表明,积极完美主义既可以直接影响拖延行为(直接效应为-1.319),也可以通过自我效能感和认知闭合需要间接影响拖延行为(间接效应之和为-0.212)。自我效能感与认知闭合需要在积极完美主义和拖延行为之间的间接效应表现为多重中介效应。结论护生积极完美主义倾向越明显,其自我效能感和认知闭合需要越高,导致其表现出的拖延行为越少。护理教育管理者可从护生自我效能感和认知闭合需要角度出发构建针对性的干预措施,降低其拖延行为。Objective To analyse the current situations of procrastination and the positive perfectionism, self-efficacy and need for cognitive closure in nursing students and explore the multiple mediating roles of self-efficacy and the required cognitive closure among the nursing students in handling of the positive perfectionism and procrastination. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 505 nursing students as the research subjects from 8 nursing schools in Hunan Province between April and June 2019. A self-designed general situation questionnaire, Lay’ General Procrastination Scale(GPS), Positive Perfectionism Scale, the Need for Cognitive Closure Scale and the General Self-efficacy Scale(GSE) were employed for the survey. Pearson correlation was used to analyse the relationship between the variables. SPSS plug-in PROCESS v3.3 and self-sampling method(Bootstrap) were applied to verify the mediating effect of the model. Results The total score of procrastination behaviour among the nursing students was(37.12±10.48), at a medium to low level. The total score of positive perfectionism was(24.76 ±3.63), at a high level. The score of self-efficacy was(24.87 ±4.83), at the medium to high level. The total score of cognitive closure needs was(145.71 ±12.79), at the medium to high level. The procrastination behaviours in nursing students were negatively correlated with positive perfectionism, self-efficacy and cognitive closure needs(P<0.05,P<0.01, P<0.001). Path analysis showed that positive perfectionism could directly affect the procrastination with a direct effect at-1.319, and the positive perfectionism also indirectly affects the procrastination through self-efficacy and need for cognitive closure, with a sum of indirect impacts at-0.212. The indirect effect of self-efficacy and cognitive closure between the positive perfectionism and procrastination showed multiple mediating results. Conclusions The more prominent the positive perfectionism tendency for nursing students gives a higher self-efficacy

关 键 词：积极完美主义 拖延行为 自我效能感 认知闭合需要 多重中介 护生 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]