基于钻头-岩石互作用的减振器应用效果分析  

Application of Shock Absorber based on Bit-rock Interaction

作　　者：胡志强 祝效华[2] 王贺[3] 梁建龙 杨含城 郑翔 Hu Zhiqiang;Zhu XiaohuaW;ang He;Liang Jianlong;Yang Hancheng;Zheng Xiang(Jianghan Machinery Research Institute Limited Company of CNPC;School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University;Oil and Gas Downhole Operation Center,Shengli Oilfield Company)

机构地区：[1]中石油江汉机械研究所有限公司 [2]西南石油大学机电工程学院 [3]胜利油田分公司油气井下作业中心

出　　处：《石油机械》2022年第10期8-13,43,共7页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项“致密油气连续管侧钻钻井技术与装备”(2016ZX05022003)。

摘　　要：在考虑钻柱、钻头和岩石系统动力耦合的基础上,以钻头破岩钻进的动态过程作为井底边界条件,研究减振器对其上端钻柱和下端钻头的减振效果。研究结果表明:应用减振器后,钻头钻压平均波动大幅度减轻,但纵向振动速度平均振幅变化不大;钻柱纵向力和纵向速度平均振幅均明显降低;减振器应用效果随其刚度增大而降低,减振器刚度由3.5 kN/mm增大至6.5 kN/mm时,钻头、钻柱纵向力平均振幅分别增大了18%和46%;基于参数的研究分析,最优阻尼为60 N·s/mm;减振器距钻头越远,钻头振动越剧烈,减振器与钻头距离由1 m增大至28 m时,钻头振动强度增加了337%;减振器安装位置对钻柱振动强度影响不大,建议减振器尽可能近钻头安装。所得结论可为井下钻柱振动控制、减振器现场应用和参数优选提供参考。In order to obtain the optimal parameters of shock absorber and thus reduce the downhole vibration intensity in the process of rock-breaking drilling of bit,on the basis of considering the dynamic coupling of drill string,bit and rock system,taking the dynamic process of rock-breaking drilling of bit as the boundary condition of bottom hole,the damping effect of shock absorber on the drill string above and the bit below was studied.The study results show that after the shock absorber is applied,the average amplitude of the weight on bit(WOB)decreases significantly,but the average amplitude of the longitudinal vibration velocity changes little.The average amplitudes of longitudinal force and velocity of drill string decrease obviously.The application effect of shock absorber decreases with the increase of its stiffness.When the stiffness of shock absorber increases from 3.5 kN/mm to 6.5 kN/mm,the average amplitudes of longitudinal forces of bit and drill string increase by 18%and 46%respectively.There is an optimal damping value,which is 60 N·s/mm based on the analysis parameters.The farther the shock absorber is away from the bit,the more intense the vibration of the bit is.When the distance between the shock absorber and the bit increases from 1 m to 28 m,the vibration intensity of the bit increases by 337%.The installation position of the shock absorber has little effect on the vibration strength of the drill string.It is proposed to install the shock absorber as close as possible to the bit.The conclusions provide references for vibration control of drill string,and field application and parameter optimization of shock absorbers.

关 键 词：下部钻具 破岩钻进 减振器 非线性振动 纵向力 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]