“变”与“不变”:高等教育数智化转型的趋向、风险与路径  

The"changed"and the"unchanged":trend,risk and pathway of digital-intelligent transformation in higher education

作　　者：张志华 孙嘉宝 季凯 ZHANG Zhihua;SUN Jiabao;JI Kai(College of Education Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学教育科学与技术学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2022年第6期23-31,58,共10页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(20BGL280);江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划重大研究课题(A/2021/04);南京邮电大学教育科学“十四五”规划一般项目(GJS-XKT2101)。

摘　　要：数智化时代,高等教育正面临以数字化、智能化、智慧化为特征的转型趋势,“变”与“不变”的辩证思维为把握高等教育数智化转型提供了新视野。相较于传统教育,数智技术赋能学生培养个性化、教师素养数字化和教育教学时空多元化的转变。在此过程中,高等教育“不变”的要素应是学生主体地位、教师主导角色、高校根本任务。“变”与“不变”中隐含学生无效认知负荷增加与被边缘化的风险,教师“数字鸿沟”扩大与“主奴悖论”蔓延的风险,教育教学的信息安全问题与人文关怀缺位的风险。基于此,学生应主动求变,提升数智技术个性化培养成效;教师应积极应变,提升自身数字素养与技能;高校应准确识变,促进数智化转型。In the digital-intelligent era,higher education is facing the transformation trend characterized by digitalization,intelligence and wisdom.Dialectical thinking between the"changed"and the"unchanged"provides a new vision in digital-intelligent transformation of higher education.Compared with traditional education,digital-intelligent technology empowers the individuation of students′training,the digitization of teacher literacy,the diversification of educational time and space.In the process,the dominant role of student,the leading role of teacher,the fundamental task of college should be the"unchanged"element of higher education.The"changed"and the"unchanged"part of higher education contains the risk of increasing the ineffective cognitive load of students and their marginalization,the risk of expanding the"digital divide"of teachers and the"master-slave paradox",and the risk of the lack of information security and humanistic care in education and teaching.Based on this,students should take the initiative to seek changes and enhance the effectiveness of personalized cultivation of digital intelligence technology;teachers should actively adapt to improve their own digital literacy and skills;universities should accurately recognize changes and promote the transformation of digital intelligence.

关 键 词：高等教育 数智化 技术赋能 技术异化 立德树人 学生培养 教师素养 

分 类 号：G649.21[文化科学—高等教育学]