求知欲视角下西方哲学传统中必然和偶然概念的反思  

Reflections on the Conceptions of Necessity and Contingency in Traditional Western Philosophy from the Perspective of Desire for Knowledge

作　　者：刘清平 LIU Qingping(Institute of Advanced Study in Social Sciences,Fudan University,200433,Shanghai,China;School of Film and Television,Wuhan College of Communication,450205,Wuhan,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学社会科学高等研究院,上海200433 [2]武汉传媒学院电影与电视学院,武汉430205

出　　处：《北方工业大学学报》2022年第5期140-148,共9页Journal of North China University of Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“德国古典哲学与德意志文化深度研究”(12&ZD126)。

摘　　要：从古希腊起,西方哲学传统就依据“是否一定如此”的区分标准,把“必然”和“偶然”说成是事实自身的两个特征,并首先将它们定位在存在论而非认识论领域,结果造成了一系列扭曲。然而,深入分析求知欲的确定性诉求会发现,这对概念是指人们的认知在描述事实时呈现的“确定”和“不确定”状态。理解它们的这种认知性原初语义,有助于我们说明认知能力有限的人们如何能够如实描述事实真相的内在机制。Since ancient Greece,traditional western philosophy has regarded“necessity”and“contingency”as two different features of the fact itself according to the criterion of“whether it must be so”.Therefore,both of them are first positioned in the field of ontology rather than of epistemology,resulting in a series of theoretical distortions.However,an in-depth analysis of the demand for certainty of desire for knowledge will show that this pair of concepts actually refers to the two different states of“certainty”and“uncertainty”that people’s cognition presents when describing facts.Only by understanding their original cognitive semantics can we explain the internal mechanism of how people with limited cognitive ability can describe the truth.

关 键 词：必然 偶然 求知欲 确定 不确定 或然 

分 类 号：B5[哲学宗教—外国哲学]