广西百色市农村脑卒中患者住所环境状况及其与活动和参与的关系研究  

Residential environment of stroke patients in rural areas in Baise,Guangxi and its relationship with activities and participation of patients

作　　者：李彩新 纪龙飞 邓文洁 陈钟和 蓝艳荣 黄柳华 张莉芳[1] Li Caixin;Ji Longfei;Deng Wenjie;Chen Zhonghe;Lan Yanrong;Huang Liuhua;Zhang Lifang(School of Nursing,Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院护理学院,广西百色533000

出　　处：《右江民族医学院学报》2022年第5期681-685,691,共6页Journal of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81860408);广西自然科学基金项目(2018JJA14004);广西研究生教育创新计划项目(YCSW2021331)。

摘　　要：目的了解农村脑卒中患者住所环境状况,并分析其与患者日常生活活动与社会参与的关系。方法便利抽取广西百色市271名农村脑卒中患者,分别采用住所致跌危险因素评估表、改良巴氏指数及社会活动功能量表测评患者住所环境状况、日常生活活动能力与社会参与水平。结果在31个住所环境障碍条目中,有5项住所环境障碍达30%以上,分别为房屋与地面有阶梯、门前有影响出行的斜坡、室内或者室外有楼梯、卫生间无扶手、无坐厕或坐便椅。多元线性回归分析显示,无坐厕或坐便椅(β=0.142,P=0.017)、卒中次数(β=-0.167,P=0.005)、年龄(β=-0.171,P=0.010)、文化程度(β=0.128,P=0.047)是日常生活活动能力的独立影响因素;楼梯梯级过高(β=-0.159,P=0.006)、年龄(β=0.177,P=0.007)、文化程度(β=-0.156,P=0.015)是社会参与的独立影响因素。结论农村脑卒中患者住所环境障碍较多,主要表现为房屋与地面有梯级、卫生间无扶手、无坐厕或坐便椅等。年龄越大、文化程度越低、卒中次数2次以上、住所无坐厕或坐便椅者日常生活活动能力较低;年龄越大、文化程度越低、住房楼梯梯级过高者社会参与水平较低。Objective To understand the living environment of stroke patients in rural areas,and to analyze its relationship with daily activities and social participation of patients.Methods A total of 271 rural stroke patients in Baise City,Guangxi,were selected by convenience sampling.The living environment,daily activities and social participation level of the patients were evaluated home falling hazards assessment,the Modified Barthel Index and functional activities questionnaire.Results Among the 31 items of residential environment obstacles,5 items of residential environment obstacles level reached more than 30%,including stairs between the house and the ground,slopes in front of the door that affect travel,indoor or outdoor stairs,no armrest in the bathroom,no sitting toilet or toilet chair.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the absence of a sitting toilet or toilet chair(β=0.142,P=0.017),stroke frequency(β=-0.167,P=0.005),age(β=-0.171,P=0.010),education level(β=0.128,P=0.047)were independent influencing factors of daily activities.Over-high stair steps(β=-0.159,P=0.006),age(β=0.177,P=0.007),and education level(β=-0.156,P=0.015)were independent factors affecting social participation.Conclusion There are many environmental obstacles in the dwellings of rural stroke patients,mainly the steps between the house and the ground,bathroom without handrails,and no sitting toilet or toilet chair.The older,less educated,those who have stroke for more than two times,and those with no sitting toilet or toilet chair in their housing have lower ability of daily activities.Those who are older,less educated,and have high stairs in their housing have lower level of social participation.

关 键 词：脑卒中 住所环境障碍 日常生活活动 社会参与 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]