风教一坏百年不可复振?——基于明清时期山东运河区域进士数量的研究  

On the Number of Jinshi in the Shandong Canal Area During the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：李忠昊 LI Zhong-hao(School of History and Culture,Qufu Normal University,Qufu Shandong 273165,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学历史文化学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《德州学院学报》2022年第5期99-104,110,共7页Journal of Dezhou University

摘　　要：自明代洪武年间到清代光绪末,山东运河区域进士总数达到1112人,所占山东省内总进士数比例平均每朝代维持在27%左右。期间明代中期和清代中期运河区域进士人数明显增多,最高占比超过50%,明清之交和清末下降尤为严重,其变动与京杭大运河兴修、畅通、繁荣、衰落等时代背景具有高度一致性。从地域分布来看,明清时期山东运河沿线各府进士数量差距较大,济南府进士人数占比一直位于前列,而沂州府、曹州府等较为落后;同一府不同时期的差距也比较大,兖州府、东昌府明代占比较大,清代占比明显下降,但去除行政区域划分因素,其运河区域进士数量亦处于领先地位。总体来看,明清时期山东运河区域由于商品经济发展、交通便利、文化交流频繁,促进了文化教育发展,使进士数量长久多于其他地区。From the Hongwu period in the Ming Dynasty to the end of the Guangxu period in the Qing Dynasty,the total number of Jinshi in the Shandong Canal area reached 1,112,accounting for an average of 27%of the total number of Jinshi in Shandong Province per dynasty.The number of jinshi in the canal area in the mid-Ming Dynasty and the mid-Qing Dynasty increased significantly,and the decline was particularly serious in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and late Qing Dynasties.There was a large gap in the number of Jinshi among the prefectures along the Shandong Canal.The gap between different periods in the same prefecture is also relatively large.In general,during the Ming and Qing dynasties,the Shandong Canal region attached great importance to the imperial examination education,due to the development of commodity economy,the cultural exchanges,and convenient transportation.

关 键 词：明清时期 京杭大运河 山东运河区域 进士数量 

分 类 号：K916[历史地理—人文地理学]