精神发育迟缓儿童心理健康状况的影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors in Mental Health Status of Children with Mental Retardation

作　　者：吴燕成 池琼瑾 WU Yancheng;CHI Qiongjin(Ningde Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Ningde 352100,China)

机构地区：[1]宁德市妇幼保健院,福建宁德352100

出　　处：《中外医学研究》2022年第30期164-167,共4页CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICAL RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:调查精神发育迟缓(mental retardation,MR)儿童的心理健康状况,并分析有关影响因素。方法:选取2018年12月-2021年12月宁德市妇幼保健院1 056例MR儿童。所有患儿进行一般情况调查并进行分组。统计分组情况,对MR儿童心理健康状况的影响因素进行单因素分析及多因素分析。结果:1 056例MR儿童中存在心理健康问题796例,占比为75.38%(796/1 056),纳入观察组;不存在心理健康问题260例,占比为24.62%(260/1 056),纳入对照组。经单因素分析可知,观察组受教育年限<5年、无同伴交往、有语言障碍、父母离异占比均高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,受教育年限<5年、无同伴交往、有语言障碍、父母离异均是MR儿童心理健康状况差的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:MR儿童大多存在心理健康问题,影响因素涉及家庭、学校与个人,应依照实际情况制定相应干预措施,以改善患儿心理状况。Objective:To investigate the mental health status of children with mental retardation (MR),and analyze the related influencing factors.Method:A total of 1 056 MR children from December 2018 to December 2021 in Ningde Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected.All children were investigated for general conditions and grouped.The grouping condition was counted,the influencing factors of mental health status of MR children were analyzed by single factor analysis and multi factor.Result:A total of 796 children of 1 056 MR children had mental health problems,accounting for 75.38% (796/1 056),they were included in the observation group;260 children without mental health problems,accounting for 24.62% (260/1 056),they were included in the control group.According to univariate analysis,the proportions years of education <5 years,no peer communication,language barrier and divorced parents of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that the years of education <5 years,no peer communication,language barrier and divorced parents were all risk factors for poor mental health status of MR children (P<0.05).Conclusion:Most children with MR have mental health problems,and the influencing factors involve families,schools and individuals.Corresponding intervention measures should be formulated according to the actual situation to improve the psychological status of children.

关 键 词：精神发育迟缓 心理健康状况 语言障碍 受教育年限 同伴交往 父母离异 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]