不同种植地区蓝莓果中花色苷的分布  

The Distribution of Anthocyanins in Blueberry Fruits from Different Growing Locations

作　　者：张晓晓 黄午阳[1,2] 於虹 曾其龙[3] 柴智[1] Zhang Xiaoxiao;Huang Wuyang;Yu Hong;Zeng Qilong;Chai Zhi(Institute of Agro-Product Processing,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014;School of Food and Bioengineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 21201;Jiangsu 3Institute of Botany,Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210014)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [3]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2022年第10期314-324,共11页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20161376);江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”项目(BRA2018380)。

摘　　要：目的:探究不同种植地区的蓝莓果实中花色苷含量与海拔高度、纬度等环境因素之间的关系。方法:选取不同海拔高度和纬度的10个种植地区“灿烂”品种的兔眼蓝莓果实为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和高效液相色谱-电喷雾质谱(HPLC-ESI-MS)定性和定量分析蓝莓果中花色苷的组成成分,比较不同种植地区的蓝莓果中花色苷苷元、糖基组成与含量的差异。结果:从蓝莓果中检测到5类花青素苷元,共13种花色苷,苷元含量组成由高到低为锦葵色素>矢车菊素>飞燕草素>矮牵牛素>芍药素;糖基组成由高到低为半乳糖苷>阿拉伯糖苷>葡萄糖苷,其中从芍药素中仅检测到半乳糖苷。蓝莓果中锦葵色素-3-O-半乳糖苷和矢车菊素-3-O-半乳糖苷的含量最高,而飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷和矮牵牛素-3-O-葡萄糖苷含量低,在部分地区的蓝莓果中缺失或未检测到。不同种植地区蓝莓果中花色苷组成虽基本一致但含量存在差异。云南龙朋代表的低纬度、高海拔地区种植的蓝莓果中花色苷总含量最高,高纬度、低海拔地区的浙江草塔的蓝莓果中花色苷总含量最低。结论:不同种植地区的地理环境影响蓝莓果中花色苷的分布,高海拔地区的环境条件更利于蓝莓果实中花色苷的合成和积累。Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between anthocyanins content in blueberry(Vaccinium spp.) fruits and environmental factors such as altitude and latitude of different growing locations. Methods:Rabbiteye blueberry ’Brightwell’(Vaccinium ashei cv. ’Brightwell’) grown in ten locations of China with different altitude and latitude were investigated with their anthocyanin distribution. High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI-MS) were used to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze anthocyanins in blueberry fruits, and the composition and content of anthocyanins in blueberry fruits from different growing locations were compared. Results: A total of 13 anthocyanins from five anthocyanidins were detected in blueberry fruits. The anthocyanidin with the highest content was malvidin, followed by cyanidin,delphinidin, petunidin, and peonidin. All the anthocyanidins had three glycosides except that peonidin only was detected with galactoside. The total content of galactoside was higher than that of arabinoside and glucosides. The contents of malvidin-3-O-galactoside and cyanidin-3-O-galactoside were the highest in blueberry fruits, while the contents of delphinin-3-O-glucoside and petuniatin-3-O-glucoside were the lowest, which were not detected or existed in some blueberry fruits. The composition of anthocyanins in blueberry fruits from different growing locations was similar, but the contents of anthocyanins were different. The total anthocyanin content in blueberry fruits from Longpeng County of Yunnan Province at a low latitude and high altitude was the highest, while the total anthocyanin content in blueberry fruits from Zhejiang Caota at a high latitude and low altitude was the lowest. Conclusions: The geographical environment of different growing locations affects the distribution of anthocyanins in blueberry fruits, and high altitude is beneficial for the synthesis and accumulatio

关 键 词：蓝莓果 花色苷 花青素 地理环境 海拔高度 

分 类 号：TS255.7[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] O657[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]