低温干燥冷藏调湿多功能储粮系统及特性分析  

The Characteristic Analysis of Multifunctional Grain Storage System with Low Temperature Drying,Refrigeration and Humidification

作　　者：闫俊海 高龙[1] 刘寅[1] 孟照峰 王顺 吴飞骏 谢亚琦 张士雯 YAN Jun-hai;GAO Long;LIU Yin;MENG Zhao-feng;WANG Shun;WU Fei-jun;XIE Ya-qi;ZHANG Shi-wen(School of Energy and Environment,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 450007,China)

机构地区：[1]中原工学院能源与环境学院,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《粮油食品科技》2022年第6期169-175,共7页Science and Technology of Cereals,Oils and Foods

基　　金：中原工学院青年骨干教师资助计划(2018XQG05、2020XQG05);“智汇郑州·1125聚才计划”创新创业领军团队。

摘　　要：干燥是粮食行业的主要耗能环节,目前粮食干燥多采用烘干机或烘干塔,热损失大、能耗高,有些以煤炭作为热源,环境污染严重。另外,粮食长期储藏过程中易发生霉变和虫害,同时长期储藏会导致粮食水分过低影响粮食加工品质。实现粮食高品质、低能耗干燥及长期安全储藏和保证出库粮食的品质具有重大意义,因此提出了一种低温干燥冷藏调湿多功能储粮系统,并基于该系统开发了具有低温干燥模式、低温冷藏模式和加湿调质模式的设备,可实现“一站式”储粮,使储粮全程自动化控制。通过实验测试,结果表明,三种工作模式下,机组出风参数均满足设计要求。对玉米和萝卜进行了初步干燥实验,玉米的平均干燥速度约1.1%/h、萝卜干燥平均干燥速度2.9%/h左右。通过对系统进行能耗分析可知,本机组与烘干机相比可节能19.4%左右,与冷凝去湿干燥机相比可节能51.7%左右。该设备的驱动能源为电能,环境友好,便于实现粮库的智能化建设,市场应用前景广阔。Drying is the main energy consumption in the grain industry.At present,most grain drying are using machines or drying towers,but its heat loss and energy consumption is large.Some of dryers use coal as heat source and cause serious environmental pollution.In addition,the long-term storage of grain is prone to mildew and insect pests.At the same time,long-term storage of grain will lead to low water content of grain and affect the processing quality of grain.Therefore,it’s significant to realize the high-quality-low-energy consumption drying and long-term safe storage of grain to ensure the quality of exported grain.A multifunctional grain storage system with low temperature drying,refrigeration,and humidification was proposed.The equipment was developed according to the system.It had three functions such as low temperature drying mode,low temperature storage mode,and humidification mode.The equipment can realize“one-stop”grain storage and automatic control of the whole process of grain storage.The experimental results showed the air parameters of unit outlet met the design requirements in the three working modes.The average drying rates of corn and radish were about 1.1%/h and 2.9%/h,respectively.In addition,the unit can save about 19.4%of energy compared with the dryer,and 51.7%of energy compared with the condensing and dehumidifying dryer through the energy consumption analysis of the system.The driving energy of this equipment was electric,so it was ecofriendly and easy to realize the intelligent construction of granary,coming with a prospect of broad application.

关 键 词：粮食 低温干燥 低温冷藏 加湿 溶液除湿 

分 类 号：S375[农业科学—农产品加工] TU111.43[农业科学—农艺学]