临床护理带教教师带教现状与教师自评影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Present Situation of Clinical Nursing Teachers'Teaching and the Influencing Factors of Teachers'Self-evaluation

作　　者：李顺玉[1] 王君颖[1] 谢术娟 许文瑶 贾思明 LI Shunyu;WANG Junying;XIE Shujuan;XU Wenyao;JIA Siming(Department of General Practice,the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院全科医疗科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2022年第19期113-118,共6页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：哈尔滨医科大学医学教育科学研究课题(XQ201933)。

摘　　要：目的调查临床护理带教教师的带教现状,分析影响教师自评结果的因素,为提高临床护理带教教师的带教质量提供参考。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,经横断面调查法,于2020年4—6月对哈尔滨市某三级综合医院的172名临床护理带教教师进行调查,了解其带教现状并分析其自评结果的影响因素。结果172名调查对象中,年龄35岁以下者138名(80.2%);第一学历大专及以下者133名(77.3%);带教年限1~3年者37名(21.5%),4~6年者42名(24.4%),7~9年者45名(26.2%),10年及以上者48名(27.9%);排名前三位的带教压力源分别是担心学生犯错(69.2%,119/172)、学生潜在需求不明确(56.4%,97/172)、担心患者或家属为难(54.7%,94/172);带教过程中遇到问题最常用的解决方法依次为查阅书籍133名(77.3%)、求助护士长129名(75.0%)、凭个人经验116名(67.4%);142名(82.6%)教师表示带教得心应手,30名(17.4%)教师表示带教吃力,其中带教1~3年的教师表示更吃力,“模仿曾经的带教教师”与“模仿同事”将使带教更得心应手。结论临床护理带教教师以第一学历偏低、带教能力欠佳的低年资护士群体为主,人才更新速度稳定;带教压力主要来自学生和患者;解决带教过程中遇到问题的方法呈现多样化;应注重带教1~3年教师的培训工作,鼓励带教教师通过模仿曾经的带教教师或模仿同事提高自身的带教能力。Objective To investigate the teaching status of clinical nursing teachers,analyze the factors affecting teachers'self-evaluation,and provide reference for improving the teaching quality of clinical nursing teachers.Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 172 clinical nursing teachers in a tertiary general hospital in Harbin city from April 2020 to June 2020 through cross-sectional survey method,to understand their teaching status and analyze the influencing factors of their self-evaluation.Results Among the 172 respondents,138(80.2%)were under 35 years old,133(77.3%)had a first degree below bachelor's degree,37(21.5%)had been teaching for 1 to 3 years,42(24.4%)had been teaching for 4 to 6 years,45(26.2%)had been teaching for 7 to 9 years and 48(27.9%)had been teaching for more than 10 years.The top three stress sources of teaching were worry about students'mistakes(69.2%,119/172),unclear potential needs of students(56.4%,97/172),and worry about patients'or their families'difficulties(54.7%,94/172).In the process of teaching,133(77.3%)of students consulted books,129(75.0%)sought help from the head nurse,and 116(67.4%)relied on personal experience.142 teachers(82.6%)said they felt comfortable with teaching,and 30 teachers(17.4%)said they felt difficult with teaching,especially those who had been teaching for 1 to 3 years."Imitating former teachers"and"imitating colleagues"would make teaching more convenient.Conclusion The clinical nursing teaching teachers are mainly young nurses with low first degree and poor teaching ability,and the speed of talent renewal is stable.The pressure of teaching mainly comes from students and patients.The methods to solve the problems encountered in the process of teaching show diversity.Attention should be paid to the training of teachers who have been teaching for 1 to 3 years and encourage teachers to improve their teaching ability by imitating former teachers or colleagues.

关 键 词：生产实习 临床护理带教教师 带教现状 教师自评 影响因素 问卷调查 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]