智识之辨视野中的梁漱溟政治哲学  

Liang Shuming’s Political Philosophy from the Perspective of the Differentiation of Wisdom and Knowledge

作　　者：肖雄[1,2,3] 杨佳敏 Xiao Xiong;Yang Jiamin

机构地区：[1]湖北大学哲学学院 [2]湖北省道德与文明研究中心 [3]中华文化发展湖北省协同创新中心

出　　处：《价值论与伦理学研究》2022年第1期35-45,共11页Axiology and Ethics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“中国哲学现代转型中的智识关系问题研究”(19CZX027)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“智识之辨”是中国现代哲学家处理东西方文化及中国传统哲学现代化问题的一个共同理论模型,如熊十力的性智量智说、冯友兰的正负方法说、牟宗三的良知坎陷论、冯契的转识成智说等皆其体现。①先于以上诸位,梁漱溟最先将以民主和科学为精华的西方文化称为“理智型文化”,并认为中国文化是“弱于理智,强于直觉”的“直觉文化”。这一特征不仅体现在科学知识领域,也体现在政治哲学、存有论领域,我们将“理智”、科学知识乃至民主政治等称为“识”,将东方式的“直觉”、玄学、外王等称为“智”。只有基于智识之辩这一视野或理论模型,才能充分地理解梁漱溟的政治哲学,并评析其对儒学与民主政治之间关系的处理。The differentiation of wisdom and knowledge is a common theoretical model for modern Chinese philosophers to deal with the Eastern and Western culture besides the modernization of traditional Chinese philosophy,such as Xiong Shili’s theory of intuitional intelligence and rational intelligence,Feng Youlan’s theory of positive and negative methods,Mou Zongsan’s theory of negation of conscience,Feng Qi’s theory of transforming knowledge into wisdom and so on.Before the above,Liang Shuming first called the western culture of democracy and science-centered as the“rational culture”and considered Chinese culture as“intuitive culture”which is weak in rational intelligence and strong in intuitional intelligence.This feature is not only reflected in the field of scientific knowledge,but also in the field of political philosophy and ontology.We call“reason”,the scientific knowledge and even democratic politics“knowledge”,and call Oriental“intuition”,the metaphysics and kingliness with“wisdom”.Only based on the perspective or theoretical model of“the differentiation of wisdom and knowledge”,can we fully understand Liang Shuming’s political philosophy and analyze his dealing with the relationship between Confucianism and democratic politics.

关 键 词：梁漱溟 政治哲学 智识之辨 存有论 

分 类 号：B26[哲学宗教—中国哲学]