实习护生临床实习适应能力的影响因素分析及教学提升策略  

Analysis of influencing factors of clinical practice adaptability of nursing students and teaching promotion strategies

作　　者：杨从艳[1] 李静 周小梅 张艳丽[1] 张夏婉 周英[1] YANG Cong-yan;LI Jing;ZHOU Xiao-mei;ZHANG Yan-li;ZHANG Xia-wan;ZHOU Ying(Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College,Bengbu,Anhui 233004,China)

机构地区：[1]蚌埠医学院第一附属医院护理部,安徽蚌埠233004

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2022年第11期1950-1953,共4页Chinese Journal of General Practice

基　　金：安徽省2021年度高等学校省级质量工程项目(2021jyxm0962)。

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省实习护生临床实习适应能力现状,探讨临床实习适应能力的影响因素,从护理教学角度讨论提升临床实习适应能力的策略。方法采用便利抽样的方法,于2021年7—9月选择安徽省8家三甲医院1210名实习护生作为调查对象,应用实习护生压力源量表、心理韧性量表和临床实习适应量表进行调查。临床实习适应能力的单因素分析应用成组t检验和方差分析,实习压力、心理韧性和临床实习适应能力相关分析采用Pearson相关分析,采用多元线性回归分析研究临床实习适应能力的影响因素。结果是否自愿选择护理专业、是否毕业后愿意从事护理工作和不同喜欢护理专业的程度、就业态度、性格特征、身体健康状态和人际交往的护生临床实习适应能力得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01);压力总分与临床实习适应能力各维度及总分之间均呈负相关关系(r=-0.592~-0.456,均P<0.01);心理韧性总分与临床实习适应能力各维度及总分之间均呈正相关关系(r=0.415~0.592,均P<0.01);就业态度、性格特征、喜欢护理专业程度、压力和心理韧性是护生临床实习适应能力的影响因素。结论实习压力、心理韧性和临床实习适应能力存在关联,学校及实习医院应意识到临床实习适应能力的重要性,实施针对性的临床教学方法提升适应能力,从而稳定护理队伍。Objective To know about the status quo of clinical practice adaptability of nursing students in Anhui,explore the factors influencing the adaptability of clinical practice,so discuss the strategies to improve the adaptability of clinical practice from the angle of nursing teaching.Methods A total of 1210 nursing students from 8 tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province were selected by convenience sampling from July to September 2021.The stress scale,psychological resilience scale and clinical practice adaptation scale were used to investigate.Two sample t-test and ANOVA were used for univariate analysis of clinical practice adaptability.Pearson correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis of stressors,psychological resilience and clinical practice adaptability.Multiple linear regression was used for influencing factors of clinical practice adaptability.Results There were statistically significant difference in the clinical practice adaptation among liking the degree of nursing,employment attitude,personality traits,physical health state,interpersonal communication,whether voluntary choice of nursing profession and willing to work in nursing after graduation of nursing students(all P<0.01).The total score of stress was negatively correlated with the dimensions and total scores of clinical practice adaptability(r:-0.592 to-0.456,all P<0.01),while the mental toughness was positively correlated with the dimensions and total scores of clinical practice adaptability(r:0.415 to 0.592,all P<0.01).The employment attitude,personality traits,liking the degree of nursing,stress and mental toughness were the influence factors of the clinical practice adaptability.Conclusion Internship stress,mental toughness and clinical practice adaptability are related.Schools and practice hospitals should realize the importance of clinical practice adaptability and implement targeted clinical teaching methods to improve the adaptability,so as to stabilize the nursing team.

关 键 词：实习护生 压力 心理韧性 临床实习 适应能力 影响因素 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R47[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]