学术打假何以成为国家行动——基于多源流理论的分析  

Establishment of a National Agenda to Crack Down on Academic Fraud in China:An Analysis Based on Multiple Streams Approach

作　　者：莫甲凤 杨雯 Mo Jiafeng;Yang Wen

机构地区：[1]中南大学高等教育研究所,长沙410083

出　　处：《现代大学教育》2022年第5期15-26,112,F0003,共14页Modern University Education

基　　金：湖南省教育科学“十三五”规划2020年度课题“面向产业转型升级的跨界工程人才培养:能力结构、影响因素及提升策略”,项目编号:XJK20BGD012。

摘　　要：多源流理论自20世纪80年代起被广泛用于分析政策议程设置问题。当问题源流、政策源流、政治源流在关键点达到紧密耦合状态,政策之窗随之开启,公共问题被提上正式的政策议程。中国学术打假经过从冷处理阶段到制度化阶段的演变,最后上升为一场国家层面的行动,是上述三条源流共同作用的结果。学术造假事件引发公众对教育公平的质疑,论文代写代发形成黑色产业链,构成问题源流;高校及相关行业学会的实践探索、专家学者的研究建议以及政府和教育主管部门的政策支持构成政策源流;执政党立德树人的教育理念、意识形态和国民情绪的变化构成政治源流。“翟某某学术门”作为触发机制,加速了三条源流的汇合,开启了国家出拳重击学术造假的政策之窗。Multiple Streams Approach is a model for understanding public policy agenda setting and has been widely used since 1980s to explain how public policy is created.The theory posits three“streams”of activity in the policy process:the problem stream,the policy stream,and the politics stream.These streams come together in a“window of opportunity”to create policy change.The establishment of a national agenda to crack down on academic fraud in China can also be described as the result of the flow of these three streams:the“problem stream”consists of growing public concern about an upsurge in academic fraud(such as plagiarism,ghost-writing)in China;the“policy stream”consists of proposed ideas and solutions to address that problem,given by Chinese experts,institutions or policy-makers;the“politics stream”consists of factors that influence the body politic and get the policy enacted,such as swings in national mood,and China’s ruling communist party’s emphasis on moral integrity as the ultimate goal of education.Triggered by a focusing event(i.e.the alleged academic misconduct case of the popular Chinese actor Zhai Tianlin),these three streams finally aligned and a policy window opened to facilitate policy change.As a result,crackdown on academic fraud has been established as a national agenda in China.

关 键 词：多源流理论 学术打假 国家行动 政策议程 学术诚信 立德树人 

分 类 号：G659.20[文化科学—教育学]