铰链杠杆式肥箱排肥量监测系统设计与试验  

Design and test of the monitoring system for the fertilizer discharge of hinged lever type fertilizer box

作　　者：张国忠[1] 赵状状 刘浩蓬[1] 韩宇航 查显涛 ZHANG Guozhong;ZHAO Zhuangzhuang;LIU Haopeng;HAN Yuhang;ZHA Xiantao(College of Engineering/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment in Mid-Lower Yangtze River,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院/农业农村部长江中下游农业装备重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2022年第6期270-276,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目(T201934);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0301404-05,2018YFD0301304-3);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662018PY038)。

摘　　要：为实时监测施肥量以提高施肥精度,设计了一种可对肥箱剩余肥量实时监测的铰链杠杆式肥箱排肥量监测系统。该监测系统由称质量、多路排肥量监测两部分组成。其中,称质量部分主要由铰链杠杆机架、平行梁称质量传感器等组成,以平行梁称质量传感器为工作元件,承载并测量安装在铰链杠杆机构上方的肥箱以及肥箱内实时肥料质量。多路排肥量监测部分由控制器、排肥量监测、数据通讯、监视器等模块组成,负责收集各称质量传感器获取的排肥量信号,并将其处理后传输至监视器交互界面便于对施肥系统作业参数实时查看、配置。田间试验结果表明,该排肥量监测系统可对各肥箱排肥量独立、同步实时测量,其监测相对误差最大为4.79%,最小为3.55%。Fertilizer application is an important part of rice production,which affects rice yield and may cause environmental pollution,therefore,it is important to study the technology of precision variable fertilizer application.The monitoring system for the discharge of a hinged lever type fertilizer box,which can actively monitor the remaining fertilizer quantity of fertilizer box in real time,was designed on the selfdesigned rice direct seeding synchronous side depth fertilizer application machine to realize the real-time monitoring of the accuracy of fertilizer application.The monitoring system consists of a weighing device and a multiplexed fertilizer discharge monitoring device.The weighing device consists of hinged lever frame,balance beam load cell,etc.The parallel beam load cell is used as the working element to carry the fertilizer box installed above the hinged lever mechanism and the real-time fertilizer gravity inside the fertilizer box.The multi-circuit fertilizer discharge monitoring part consists of the controller,fertilizer discharge monitoring,data communication,monitor,etc.It collects the fertilizer discharge signals obtained from each load cell and transmits them to the monitor interactive interface after processing,so that the operator can easily view and configure the operational parameters of the fertilizer application system in real time.The results of the field trial showed that the maximum relative error of monitoring was 4.79%and the minimum was 3.55%.The monitoring system is combined with the fertilizer discharge volume monitoring system based on the rotation of the fertilizer discharge shaft,which can realize the real-time self-adjustment of the fertilizer discharge volume of the fertilizer applicator.It will provide reference for the research of intelligent fertilization technology and equipment.

关 键 词：水稻直播 变量施肥 排肥量监测 智能施肥 智能调节 称质量传感器 精准农业 

分 类 号：S24[农业科学—农业电气化与自动化] S233.71[农业科学—农业工程]