发展性阅读障碍视听时间整合缺陷可能的机制:视听时间再校准能力受损  

A possible mechanism for the audiovisual temporal integration deficits in developmental dyslexia:Impaired ability in audiovisual temporal recalibration

作　　者：王润洲 毕鸿燕[1,2] WANG Runzhou;BI Hongyan(CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science,Center for Brain Science and Learning Difficulties,Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Department of Psychology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院行为科学重点实验室,中国科学院心理研究所脑科学与学习困难研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学心理系,北京100049

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2022年第12期2764-2776,共13页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671155);中国科学院行为科学重点实验室经费资助(Y5CX052003)。

摘　　要：发展性阅读障碍的本质一直是研究者争论的焦点。大量研究发现,阅读障碍者具有视听时间整合缺陷。然而,这些研究仅考察了阅读障碍者视听时间整合加工的整体表现,也就是平均水平的表现,却对整合加工的变化过程缺乏探讨。视听时间再校准反映了视听时间整合的动态加工过程,对内部时间表征与感觉输入之间差异的再校准困难则会导致多感觉整合受损,而阅读障碍者的再校准相关能力存在缺陷。因此,视听时间再校准能力受损可能是发展性阅读障碍视听时间整合缺陷的根本原因。未来的研究需要进一步考察发展性阅读障碍者视听时间再校准能力的具体表现,以及这些表现背后的认知神经机制。The nature of deficits of dyslexia has been under debate for a long time.A large number of studies have revealed that the dyslexics suffer from impaired audiovisual temporal integration.However,these studies only examined the overall performance of audiovisual temporal integration,and neglected to explore its dynamic process over time.Audiovisual temporal recalibration is an indicator describing the dynamic process of audiovisual temporal integration.Difficulty in recalibrating the differences between internal temporal representations and sensory inputs leads to impaired multisensory integration.Given that developmental dyslexics have deficits in recalibration-related abilities,the essence of the deficit in audiovisual temporal integration in developmental dyslexia may be impaired audiovisual temporal recalibration.Future studies could examine the specific performances of audiovisual temporal recalibration in developmental dyslexia,as well as its cognitive and neural mechanisms.

关 键 词：发展性阅读障碍 视听时间整合 视听时间再校准 动态加工 BAYESIAN 理论 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]