农村老年人社会参与对老化态度的影响:自我效能感和孤独感的中介作用  

The Effect of Social Participation on The Attitudes to Aging of Rural Elderly:Mediating Effects of Self-Efficacy and Loneliness

作　　者：谷璜 何惠 杜顺顺 赵申苒 赵国祥[1,3] Gu Huang;He Hui;Du Shunshun;Zhao Shenran;Zhao Guoxiang(Department of Psychology,Henan University,Kaifeng,475004;Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou,450046;Department of Psychology,Institute of Behavior and Psychology,Henan University,Kaifeng,475004)

机构地区：[1]河南大学教育学部心理学院,开封475004 [2]河南中医药大学中医学院(仲景学院),郑州450046 [3]河南大学心理与行为研究所,开封475004

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第4期863-870,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：开封市哲学社会科学规划调研课题(ZXSKGH-2020-022);河南省哲学社会科学规划年度项目(2021CJY051)的资助。

摘　　要：为探究农村老年人社会参与对其老化态度的影响,以及自我效能感和孤独感在二者关系中的作用,本研究采用社会参与量表、一般自我效能感量表、孤独感量表以及老化态度量表对170名河南农村老年人进行问卷调查。结果显示,社会参与正向预测老化态度;自我效能感、孤独感以及自我效能感与孤独感的链式中介效应在二者之间起中介作用。因此,提高农村老年人的社会参与度,能够一定程度上改变老年人的认知,减少消极情绪,促进成功老化。With the increasing degree of aging in rural areas,how to realize their own value and improve the quality of life has become the focus of the current research on aging theory and the promotion of pension work.From the perspective of positive aging,the study was carried out to explored the effect of social participation on the attitudes to aging and the role of self-efficacy and loneliness in the relationship between social participation and the attitudes to aging of rural elderly.The Social Participate scale,Attitudes to aging questionnaire,the short-form of UCLA Loneliness Scale and General Self-Efficacy Scale were used among 170 rural elderly by way of household survey in Kaifeng,Henan Province.After data acquisition,the statistic processing and analysis were conducted in IBM SPSS Statistic 20 software.Specifically,the independent-sample t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed to investigate whether the variables(e.g social participation,self-efficacy,loneliness and aging attitude) are differentiate by demographic information.Subsequently,the Pearson correlation analysis were used to test whether the variables are correlated.Further,then SPSS PROCESS v2.16.3 was used for mediation model analysis to explore the associations between these variables.Data analysis results p <.05 was considered statistically significant.Results showed that the social participation,self-efficacy,loneliness and aging attitude of the rural elderly differentiate regard to demographic information such as gender,age,marital status,education and economic income,respectively.The score of loneliness was negatively correlated with social participation(r =-.50,p <.001),self-efficacy(r =-.54,p <.001),and both the total score and dimension scores of aging attitude(ps <.001);the self-efficacy and social participation had significantly positive correlation with the total score and dimension scores of aging attitude(ps <.001).The mediation effect analysis result showed that social participation had a positive role in promoting the attitudes to agin

关 键 词：农村老年人 社会参与 自我效能感 孤独感 老化态度 

分 类 号：B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]