卓越性与多样性:美国高校本科招生制度探析及启示  

Excellence and Diversity under Competition Mechanism:Analysis and Enlightenment of American College Admission System

作　　者：刘春蕾 高晓清[1] LIU Chunlei;GAO Xiaoqing(Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学教育科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2022年第6期130-138,共9页Modern Education Science

基　　金：湖南省社科基金重点项目“美国研究型大学产学研合作模式及对我国“双一流”建设的实践启示研究”(项目编号:17ZDB018)。

摘　　要：伴随着高等教育市场竞争机制的形成,美国高校招生呈现出多样性、灵活性与卓越性的特点。独立的竞争主体、完善的信息公开机制、科学的综合评价机制、适时的宏观调控机制、高效的声誉约束机制是美国高校招生质量的重要保障,给我们提供了可贵的启示。我国高校招生制度改革需营造高校招生公平竞争的大环境;鼓励高校招生实行分层竞争与错位竞争,坚持综合评价与多元录取;完善招录信息公开机制,加强高校与学生的双向选择;建立健全多元利益主体参与的监督机制,保障招生公平与质量。With the formation of competition mechanism among American higher education market,American college admission is characterized by diversity,fairness,and excellence.Independent market body for competition,perfect market information mechanism,scientific comprehensive evaluation mechanism,timely macro-control mechanism,efficient reputation restrain mechanism are the important guarantees for the quality of American college admission,which provides us with valuable enlightenment.The reform of college admission system in China should create an environment of fair competition in college admission;encourage colleges and universities to implement stratified competition and characteristic competition,and adhere to comprehensive evaluation and multiple admission;gradually improve the information disclosure mechanism in order to strengthen the two-way choice between universities and students;establish and improve oversight mechanism involving multiple stakeholder to ensure the fairness and quality of enrollment.

关 键 词：竞争机制 美国高校 招生制度 综合评价 多元录取 

分 类 号：G649.3[文化科学—高等教育学] G649.7[文化科学—教育学]