教师教育惩戒的权力性质、合理性及实施保障  

Teacher Educational Punishment Power:Nature,Rationality and Implementing Guarantees

作　　者：张家军 黄晓彬 ZHANG Jiajun;HUANG Xiaobin(Southwest University,Chongqing 400715)

机构地区：[1]西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆400715 [2]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《现代教育管理》2022年第9期54-64,共11页Modern Education Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金2020年度教育学一般课题“中小学教师减负的效果测度与治理长效机制研究”(BHA200150)。

摘　　要：教师教育惩戒的运用是当今社会关注的热点与难点。教育惩戒属性不明导致当前教师教育惩戒实践的困境从“滥用”和“误用”逐渐转向“弃用”,严重影响了教师教育教学管理和学生身心的全面发展。通过对“权力”与“权利”“、教育行为”与“职务行为”属性辨析和古今中外教育惩戒立法与实践案例的分析可以发现,教育惩戒应是教师的一种法定的职业性权力,其权力属性具有一定的历史合理性和实践合理性。要保障教师教育惩戒权力的合理实施,应当以育人作为教师教育惩戒权的内部规约,以多元主体监管作为教师教育惩戒权的外部制约,以法规、校规和班规三规并行作为教师教育惩戒权的操作指南。使教育惩戒回归育人有德的价值取向,让教师敢用、适用并用好教育惩戒权力。The application of teachers’ educational punishment is a hot and difficult issue of social attention. The unclear attributes of educational punishment have led to the dilemma of the current practice of teachers’ educational punishment from “abuse”,and “misuse”,to “abandonment”, which has seriously affected the teaching management of teachers and the all-round development of students.By identifying the attributes of the terms “power”,and “right”, “educational behavior”,and “duty behavior”, and the analysis of the legislation and practice of educational punishment in China and abroad reveals that educational punishment is a legal professional power of teachers, and its attributes have certain historical and practical rationality. In order to ensure the rational implementation of teachers educational punishment, it is necessary to take educate people as the internal regulation of teachers’ educational punishment power, take multi-subject supervision as the external restriction of teachers’ educational punishment power, and take regulations, school rules and class rules as the operation guide of teachers’ educational punishment power, which can make educational punishment return to the value orientation of moral education, and make teachers dare to use and apply the power of educational punishment well.

关 键 词：教育惩戒 育人本真 法定职业权力 权力合理性 实施保障 

分 类 号：G40-011.8[文化科学—教育学原理]