膳食对肠道菌群影响的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effect of Diet on Gut Microbiota

作　　者：杜婷 尹萍萍 汪姝敏 郁志明[2] 翟齐啸 DU Ting;YIN Ping-ping;WANG Shu-min;YU Zhi-ming;ZHAI Qi-xiao(School of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to the Nanjing Medical University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡214122 [2]南京医科大学附属无锡市人民医院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2022年第24期1-6,I0004,共7页Food Research and Development

基　　金：教育部第二批新工科研究与实践项目(E-SPNL20202312);2021年江苏省高等教育教改研究项目(2021JSJG058);无锡市科学技术协会2022年100项优秀结题课题—“互联网+医疗”模式下高血压及糖尿病患者分级信息化管理(KX-22-A17);无锡市卫生健康委科研重大项目(Z202002)。

摘　　要：人体肠道内大量微生物参与机体的各种代谢活动,如营养代谢、药物代谢,与人体健康密切相关。可以说,人类肠道微生物组是健康和疾病的潜在控制者。在人类的整个生命周期中,肠道微生物组的变化受到多种因素的影响,其中饮食因素起着至关重要的作用。近几年,肠道菌群已成为研究热点,而不同的膳食模式会对肠道菌群的组成、多样性、基因和功能产生重要的影响。该文总结几种比较典型的膳食模式(素食、地中海饮食及西方饮食),阐述膳食模式以及饮食成分对肠道菌群组成、结构、功能和基因的影响,旨在为饮食、肠道微生物与健康关系的研究提供参考。The human gut contains many microorganisms that participate in various metabolic activities closely related to human health,such as nutrient and drug metabolism.Arguably,the human gut microbiome is a potential controller of health and disease.Throughout the human life cycle,changes in the gut microbiome are affected by various factors,of which dietary factors play a crucial role.In recent years,the gut microbiota has attracted the attention of researchers who have discovered that different dietary patterns have important effects on the composition,diversity,genes,and functions of the gut microbiota.This article summarizes several typical dietary patterns,such as Vegetarian,Mediterranean,and Western diets,and expounds on the effects of dietary patterns and components on the composition,structure,function,and genes of gut microbiota to provide a reference for the research of the gut microbiota on the relationship with human health.

关 键 词：肠道菌群 素食 西方饮食 地中海饮食 饮食成分 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]