基于小波和经验模态分解的气体泄漏声音端点检测算法  

An improved threshold energy zero ratio endpoint detection algorithm based on wavelet and EMD

作　　者：孙静[1,2,3] 聂士明 史宝军 SUN Jing;NIE Shiming;SHI Baojun(State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300401,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Robot Sensing and Human-Robot Integration,Tianjin 300401,China;National Engineering Research Center for Technological Innovation Method and Tool,Tianjin 300401,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室,天津300401 [2]河北工业大学机械工程学院,天津300401 [3]河北省机器人感知与人机融合重点实验室,天津300401 [4]国家技术创新方法与实施工具工程技术研究中心,天津300401

出　　处：《河北工业大学学报》2022年第6期10-18,共9页Journal of Hebei University of Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFB1312102);国家自然科学基金(U20A20201);河北省重点研发计划(20311803D)。

摘　　要：针对石油化工等复杂高危场所,危化品泄漏产生的非平稳泄漏声音信号,难以正确判断声音端点的问题,基于小波和经验模态分解(EMD,Empirical Mode Decomposition),提出一种改进的能零比气体泄漏声音端点检测算法。首先,通过麦克风阵列采集气体泄漏信号,将预处理后的泄漏信号通过小波阈值去噪,以提高检测信号的信噪比;其次,利用EMD算法对降噪的信号进行分解,从分解得到的本征模态分量(IMF,Intrinsic Mode Function)中选择IMF,构造新的信号;然后,通过分帧和加窗的方法对重构信号进行再处理,计算出各帧信号的能零比值,采用提出的自适应门限计算方法对信号进行端点检测;最后,搭建简易的气体泄漏模拟实验平台,对改进的气体泄漏声音端点检测算法,进行了实验测试。实验结果表明:改进的能零比气体泄漏声音端点检测算法,在低信噪比的条件下,仍然具有良好的检测精度和检测效率;与传统方法和基于EMD的能零比算法相比更接近实验采集声音信号真正的声音端点。In order to solve the problem of being difficult to determine the sound endpoint of non-stationary leakage sound signals produced by dangerous chemicals in complex and high-risk places such as petrochemical industry,an improved energy-zero ratio gas leakage sound endpoint detection algorithm was proposed based on wavelet and Empirical Mode Decomposition(EMD).Firstly,gas leak signals are collected by microphone array,and the pre-processed leak signals are denoised by wavelet threshold to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the detected signals.Secondly,EMD algorithm is used to decompose the denoising signal,and IMF is selected from the Intrinsic Mode Function(IMF)to construct a new signal.Then,the reconstructed signals were reprocessed by means of frame splitting and window adding,and the energy zero ratio of each frame was calculated.The endpoints of the signals were detected by the proposed adaptive threshold calculation method.Finally,a simple gas leakage simulation experimental platform was built,and the improved gas leakage sound endpoint detection algorithm was tested.The experimental results show that the improved algorithm still has good detection accuracy and efficiency under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio.Compared with the traditional method and the EMD-based energy-zero ratio algorithm,it has been closer to the real sound end point of the experimental acoustic signal acquisition.

关 键 词：端点检测 能零比 小波阈值去噪 经验模态分解 自适应门限 

分 类 号：TN912[电子电信—通信与信息系统]