亳州地区长期照护机构老年人营养现况调查及影响因素分析  

A survey on nutrition status and influencing factors of elderly in long-term care institutions in Bozhou area

作　　者：程亚艳[1] 林紫薇[1] 陈优优 陈敏 CHENG Yayan;LIN Ziwei;CHEN Youyou;CHEN Min(Department of Combined Medical Care Center,Bozhou People’s Hospital,Bozhou 236800,China)

机构地区：[1]亳州市人民医院医养结合中心,安徽亳州236800

出　　处：《安徽医学》2022年第12期1463-1468,共6页Anhui Medical Journal

基　　金：安徽省科技厅重点科研项目(项目编号:1804h08020296)。

摘　　要：目的了解亳州地区长期照护机构老年人营养现状并分析其影响因素,为改善长期照护机构老年人的营养状况提供科学依据。方法2021年1~12月,采取方便整群抽样方法,选取亳州地区8家长期照护机构符合纳入标准的392名老年人为研究对象,使用一般情况调查表、微型营养评定量表、日常生活自理能力量表等研究工具进行问卷调查,采用χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析影响老年人营养状况的因素。结果392名老年人中,营养状况良好者54例(13.8%),存在营养不良风险者257例(65.6%),营养状况不良者81例(20.7%);营养不良风险得分为(19.72±4.23)分。χ^(2)检验显示,不同年龄、职业(χ^(2)=15.375,P=0.009)、婚姻状态(χ^(2)=15.264,P=0.002)、子女数量(χ^(2)=18.650,P=0.000)、关注营养知识情况(χ^(2)=8.469,P=0.004)、营养知识获得情况(χ^(2)=8.419,P=0.015)及日常生活能力老年人营养状况比较,差异有统计学意义。logistic回归分析显示,子女数量(OR=2.420,P=0.021)是老年人营养状况的影响因素。结论亳州地区长期照护机构老年人面临较严峻的营养不良风险,机构管理者需高度重视老年人的营养状况,并采取针对性的预防与干预策略。Objective To understand the nutritional status of the elderly in Bozhou long-term care institutions and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the nutritional status of the elderly in long-term care institutions.Methods From January to December 2021,392 elderly people who met the inclusion criteria in eight long-term care institutions in Bozhou area were selected as subjects by convenient cluster sampling method.General situation questionnaire,micro nutrition assessment scale,self-care ability of daily life scale were used for questionnaire survey.Chi square test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the factors affecting the nutritional status of the elderly.Results Among the 392 elderly,54 cases(13.8%)had good nutritional status,257 cases(65.6%)were at risk of malnutrition,and 81 cases(20.7%)had poor nutritional status.The risk score of malnutrition was(19.72±4.23).Chi-square test showed the difference in the comparison of the nutritional status of the elderly was statistically significant in age,occupation(χ^(2)=15.375,P=0.009),marital status(χ^(2)=15.264,P=0.002),number of children(χ^(2)=18.650,P=0.000),and attention to nutrition knowledge(χ^(2)=8.469,P=0.009),nutritional knowledge(χ^(2)=8.419,P=0.015)and the ability of daily living.Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of children(OR=2.420,P=0.021)is the influencing factor of the nutritional status of the elderly.Conclusions The elderly in long-term care institutions in Bozhou area face a serious risk of malnutrition.Institutional managers need to attach great importance to the nutritional status of the elderly,and take targeted prevention and intervention strategies.

关 键 词：长期照护机构 老年人 营养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]