马尔库塞“技术理性批判”对“异化理论”的重构及当代启示  

The reconstruction of "Alienation Theory" by Marcuse’s "Critique of Technical Rationality" and its contemporary enlightenment:Textual investigation based on One-Dimensional Man

作　　者：张翔[1] 蔡华杰[1] ZHANG Xiang;CAI Huajie

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学马克思主义学院,350117

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2022年第11期91-99,共9页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“党的十八以来党领导生态文明建设的理论创新与实践经验研究”(22AZD090);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项“习近平生态文明思想的马克思主义生态理论基础、传承与贡献研究”(2022JZDZ007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：进入发达工业社会,科学技术的发展使得马克思的“异化理论”呈现了新的历史特征。异化从“有形”的剥削走向了“无形”的压迫,从“外部力量”变成了“内在力量”,从“不合理”到披上了合理的外衣。人类最引以为傲的科技发展,从促进人解放的力量转变成为人的解放的桎梏。这启示我们要警惕“幸福意识”的渗透,注重对生产领域、意识形态领域的改革创新。同时重视社会心理机制的建设,关注劳动者的心理需要,杜绝“虚假需要”带来超需求的资源浪费。Entering the developed industrial society,the development of science and technology has made Marx’s “alienation theory” present new historical characteristics.Alienation from “tangible” exploitation to “invisible” oppression,from “external force” to “internal force”,from “unreasonable” to put on a reasonable coat.The technological development that mankind is most proud of has changed from a force for human liberation to a shackle for human liberation.This suggests we should guard against penetration of consciousness of “happiness”,pay attention to reform and innovation in the field of the production and ideology area.At the same time,we should attach importance to the construction of social psychological mechanism,and pay attention to the psychological needs of workers,and eliminate the waste of resources beyond the need caused by “false needs”.

关 键 词：异化 技术理性 单向度的人 社会心理 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]