6种茄果类蔬菜中多环芳烃分布特征及健康风险评估  

Distribution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 6 kinds of solanaceous vegetables

作　　者：胡静伊 龙明华[1] 孙俏建 乔双雨 赵体跃 陈忠良 HU Jing-Yi;LONG Ming-Hua;SUN Qiao-Jian;QIAO Shuang-Yu;ZHAO Ti-Yue;CHEN Zhong-Liang(Agricultural College,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2022年第23期7742-7749,共8页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360479);广西自然科学基金项目(2014GXNSFAA118100);科技先锋队“强农富民”“六个一”专项行动(桂农科盟202005-1、桂农科盟202105-1);国家现代农业产业体系广西瓜果蔬菜创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-10-03)。

摘　　要：目的研究多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)在茄果类蔬菜中的分布特征和积累规律,并对南宁市不同人群摄食茄果类蔬菜的健康风险进行评估。方法以番茄、茄子、辣椒为研究对象,采用高效液相色谱法测定PAHs含量,分析番茄、紫茄子、黑茄子、彩椒、线椒、指天椒6种茄果类蔬菜中的PAHs组成,并针对3个辣椒品种进行PAHs含量动态分析以及不同器官组织的PAHs差异分析。结果6种茄果类蔬菜中PAHs的含量范围为525.03~1216.14µg/kg,大小依次为指天椒>线椒>紫茄子>彩椒>黑茄子>番茄,不同品种间∑16 PAHs存在显著性差异;各苯环数PAHs含量占比大小为3环>4环>5环>6环>2环。随着采摘时间的推迟,辣椒果实∑16 PAHs含量呈逐渐升高趋势。∑16 PAHs在辣椒不同器官部位富集规律为果实>根>叶片>茎,各部位PAHs含量的差异达到显著性水平。健康风险分析表明,南宁市居民摄食茄果类蔬菜终生致癌风险值为9.73×10^(‒7)~8.84×10^(‒5),有潜在致癌风险。结论16种PAHs在6种茄果类蔬菜中均有检出,对人体健康影响不容忽视。本研究为定量评价茄果类蔬菜PAHs污染的生态及健康风险提供理论依据,同时对制定发展蔬菜产品相应的污染控制技术标准也有重要意义。Objective To study the distribution characteristics and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in solanaceous vegetables and evaluate the health risks of eating solanaceous vegetables for different populations in Nanning City.Methods The content of PAHs in tomato,eggplant and pepper were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.The composition of PAHs in 6 kinds of solanaceous vegetables including tomato,purple eggplant,black eggplant,bell pepper,line pepper and conical redpepper fruit pepper were analyzed.The dynamic analysis of PAHs content and the difference of PAHs in different organs and tissues of 3 pepper varieties were analyzed.Results The content of PAHs in 6 kinds of eggplant and fruit vegetables ranged from 525.03 to 1216.14µg/kg,and the order was pepper>line pepper>purple eggplant>color pepper>black eggplant>tomato.There were significant differences in∑16 PAHs among different varieties.The proportion of PAHs content in each benzene ring was 3 ring>4 ring>5 ring>6 ring>2 ring.With the delay of picking time,the content of∑16 PAHs in pepper fruit increased gradually.The enrichment rule of∑16 PAHs in different organs of pepper was fruit>root>leaf>stem,and the difference of PAHs content in each part reached a significant level.The health risk analysis showed that the life-long carcinogenic risk value of solanaceous vegetables in Nanning residents was 9.73×10^(‒7)‒8.84×10^(‒5),which had potential carcinogenic risk.Conclusion Sixteen kinds of PAHs are detected in 6 kinds of solanaceous vegetables,and their effects on human health can not be ignored.This study provides a theoretical basis for quantitatively evaluating the ecological and health risks of PAHs pollution in solanaceous vegetables,and is also of great significance for formulating the corresponding pollution control technical standards for developing vegetable products.

关 键 词：茄果类蔬菜 多环芳烃 分布特征 健康风险评估 高效液相色谱法 

分 类 号：TS255.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]