藏语动词研究综述--以学术论文为主  

eview of Researches on Tibetan Verbs:focusing on academic papers

作　　者：才旦还 Tshe-brTan-dPal(School of Chinese Language and Literature of Southwest Minzu University)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学中国语言文学学院

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（藏文版）》2022年第3期111-123,共13页Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Tibetan language)

摘　　要：动词是句子的核心部分,与时、体、态和人称等语法范畴有关。藏语传统文法理论对动词形态和分类、语法特征等作了较为系统的研究。因受现代语言学理论影响,对藏语各方言的动词形态变化和语音特征、语法化和动词的分类等方面的研究取得了的丰硕的成果。文章以汉藏两文发表的关于动词研究的学术论文为对象,就所涉及的相关研究领域中提出的新观点、新理论和新方法进行了总结和梳理。通过整理,我们可以把藏语动词的研究成果归为动词的分类研究和形态功能研究两大类。基于句法功能的分类对藏语动词的研究提供了新的视野和多种维度,然而也开始注重动词在句子中语法功能。形态方面的研究以现代语言学和传统语法理论结合的方法,主要成果集中于藏语句类的深层和表层分析和描述,句子的依存关系、支配词和从属词的内在关系、语义依存和句法依存的相互影响等句法相关的研究。在回顾和总结以往研究成果的基础上,对藏语动词时态助动词的语法化途径和语法特点、藏语动词重叠的分类和形成机制、藏语动词形态简化对语法形式的影响等尚待解决的学术问题进行了简要分析,对进一步拓宽藏语动词研究领域、了解藏语动词研究的学术前沿和研究取向具有重要意义。Verbs are the core part of sentences and are related to grammatical categories such as tense,format,state,and persons.The traditional Tibetan grammar theory has made a systematic study on verb form,classification and grammatical characteristics.Influenced by modern linguistic theories,the research on the morphological changes and phonetic features,grammaticalization and classification of verbs in various Tibetan dialects has achieved fruitful results.This paper takes the academic papers on verb researches published in Chinese and Tibetan as the object,and summarizes and sorts out the new viewpoints,new theories and new methods proposed in the related research fields involved.Through sorting,we can classify the research results of Tibetan verbs into two categories:Classification studies of verb and morphological function studies.The classification based on syntactic function provides a new perspective and multiple dimensions to the study of Tibetan verbs,but it also begun to pay attention to the grammatical function of verbs in sentences.The research on morphology is based on the combination of modern linguistics and traditional grammar theory,and the main achievements focus on the deep and superficial analysis and description of Tibetan sentences,the study of sentence dependency,the internal relationship between dominant words and subordinate words,and the interaction between semantic dependence and syntactic dependence.On the basis of reviewing and summarizing the previous research results,the grammatical approaches and grammatical characteristics of Tense Auxiliary Verbs of Tibetan verbs,the semantic classification and formation mechanism of overlapping Tibetan verbs,and the influence of simplified Tibetan verb morphology on grammatical forms are briefly analyzed,which is of great significance for further broadening the field of Tibetan verb researches and understanding the academic frontier and research orientation of Tibetan verb researches.

关 键 词：动词 语法 形态 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]