五月艾Artemisia indica叶绿体基因组结构及系统发育分析  

Chloroplast genome structure characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of Artemisia indica

作　　者：兰朝辉 田徐芳 师玉华[1] 高冉冉 尹青岗 向丽[1] 邬兰[1] LAN Zhao-hui;TIAN Xu-fang;SHI Yu-hua;GAO Ran-ran;YIN Qing-gang;XIANG Li;WU Lan(I.Aremisinin Center,Institue of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Bejing 100700,China;College of Pharmacy,Hubei University of Chinese Medicine,Wuhan 430056,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药研究所青蒿素中心,北京100700 [2]湖北中医药大学药学院,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2022年第22期6058-6065,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(81903758);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1711100);中国中医科学院优秀青年科技人才(创新类)培养专项(ZZ13-YQ-106)。

摘　　要：五月艾Artemisia indica是菊科蒿属重要的药用植物,但目前对于五月艾分子遗传信息了解很少。该研究通过高通量测序技术对五月艾叶绿体基因组进行测序、组装和注释,并对其序列特征、重复序列、密码子偏好性和系统发育进行分析。结果表明,五月艾叶绿体基因组全长151 161 bp,为典型的环状四段式结构,包括2个反向重复区(IRs),1个大单拷贝区(LSC)和1个小单拷贝区(SSC),GC量为37.47%;共注释到132个基因,去重复之后为114个,包括80个蛋白编码基因,30个tRNA基因和4个rRNA基因。从叶绿体基因组中共检测到50个长重复序列和191个SSR,其中SSR类型主要以单核苷酸为主。密码子偏好性分析显示,亮氨酸是五月艾叶绿体基因组中使用次数最高的氨基酸(10.77%),同义密码子相对使用频次(RSCU,relative synonymous codon usage)>1的密码子有30种且均以A/U结尾。基于菊科19个物种叶绿体基因组构建的系统发育树显示,五月艾与艾叶的亲缘关系最近,蒿属物种聚为单独的进化分支。该研究结果将为蒿属药用植物遗传多样性和资源保护提供理论依据。Artemisia indica is an important medicinal plant in the Asteraceae family, but its molecular genetic information has been rarely reported. In this study, the chloroplast genome of A. indica was sequenced, assembled, and annotated by the high-throughput sequencing technology, and its sequence characteristics, repeat sequences, codon usage bias, and phylogeny were analyzed. The results showed that the length of the chloroplast genome for A. indica was 151 161 bp, which was a typical circular four-segment structure, including two inverted repeat regions(IRs), a large single-copy(LSC) region, and a small single-copy(SSC) region, with a GC content of 37.47%. A total of 132 genes were annotated, and 114 were obtained after de-duplication, including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Fifty long repeat sequences and 191 SSRs were detected in the chloroplast genome of A. indica, and SSRs were mainly single nucleotides. Codon usage bias analysis showed that leucine was the most frequently used amino acid(10.77%) in the chloroplast genome, and there were 30 codons with relative synonymous codon usage(RSCU)>1 and all ended with A/U. The phylogenetic tree constructed based on the chloroplast genomes of the 19 species from the Asteraceae family showed that A. indica and A. argyi were closest in the genetic relationship, and Artemisia species clustered into separate evolutionary branches. The results of this study are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the genetic diversity and resource conservation of Artemisia medicinal plants.

关 键 词：五月艾 叶绿体基因组 SSR 密码子偏好性 系统发育分析 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]