文学经典的跨文化过滤、变异和文化重构——以《格列佛游记》白的汉译历程为例  

Cross-cultural Filtering,Variation and Cultural Reconstruction of Literary Classics

作　　者：杨肖 Yang Xiao

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学外国语学院,上海200433

出　　处：《文学理论前沿》2022年第2期232-259,共28页Frontiers of Literary Theory

基　　金：“上海市艺术科学规划重点项目”(ZD2020B01);“上海财经大学2021年党建育人基金重点项目”(2021110495)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文学经典通过翻译实现异质文化间的交流须经过“文化过滤”“变异”“文化重构”三步。因为异质文化之间的“部分可通约性”具有限制性或必要条件,所以,文化过滤解决不同文化之间如何“跨入”的问题;变异解决过滤后的“形态”问题;文化重构解决变异后的“融合”问题。本文结合至今已有150年汉译历程的《格列佛游记》展开上述三方面问题的研究:第一,借鉴帕维斯戏剧文化过滤的“沙漏”,构建翻译文化过滤的沙漏模式;同时,对一个半世纪以来《格列佛游记》的汉译历程进行宏观梳理,探讨在其丰富的汉译实践中多重文化过滤因素所起到的“过滤”作用。第二,以“模子”理论为出发点,以《格列佛游记》的变异维度为聚焦点,探讨跨文化变异的必然性和发展性。第三,从《格列佛游记》融入中国文化后焕发的蓬勃活力,探究文化重构的原则和途径。In order to realize the communication between different cultures,the translation of literary clssics should go through three steps:"cultural filtering,""variation"and"cultural reconstruction."Because the""incommensurability"between different cultures has restrictive or necessary terms,cultural filtering focuses on how to"cross into"other cultures;variation deals with the"forms""after filtering;cultural reconstruction is in charge of"integration"after variation.This article aims to explore the above three aspects from the Chinese translation history of Gulliver's Travels,which has a period of 150 years:first,it draws lessons from"The Hourglass Model"of Pavis's drama cultural filtering to construct"The Hourglass Model""of translation cultural filtering;at the same time,it analyzes the Chinese translation process of Gulliver's Travels over the past 150 years and discusses the"filtering"role of multicultural filtering factors in its rich Chinese translation practice.Second,starting from the"Mould"theory and focusing on the variation dimension of Gulliver's Travels,this article discusses the inevitability and development of cross-cultural variation.Third,from the vigorous vitality of Gulliver's Travels into Chinese culture,this article explores the principles and ways of cultural reconstruction.

关 键 词：文化过滤 “沙漏”模式 变异 文化重构 《格列佛游记》 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]