卡尔曼滤波与PID的两轮自平衡小车设计  

Design of Two-wheeled Self-balancing Trolley Based on Kalman Filter and PID

作　　者：李鑫[1] 郑铖 杨星 巫书红 Li Xin;Zheng Cheng;Yang Xing;Wu Shuhong(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610000,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学机电工程学院,成都610000

出　　处：《单片机与嵌入式系统应用》2023年第1期84-87,共4页Microcontrollers & Embedded Systems

摘　　要：对两轮自平衡小车进行分析,建立了对应的动力学模型,为后续的系统实现提供原理和方向。控制系统采用STM32F103C8T6作为主控芯片,利用MPU6050作为姿态传感器测量小车姿态角,通过卡尔曼滤波进行数据融合,获取姿态角的最优估计。通过PID控制算法输出合适的PWM波来控制电机的转速,构建双闭环控制来保持小车的平衡性,并且可以使用蓝牙模块连接手机进行遥控。经实验证明,该方法可以使小车具有良好的平衡性,能够有效控制小车的运行。In this paper,the analysis of the two-wheeled self-balancing trolley is carried out,the corresponding dynamic model is established,and the principle and direction for the subsequent system implementation are provided.The control system uses STM32 F103 C8 T6 as the main control chip,uses MPU6050 as the attitude sensor to measure the attitude angle of the car,and performs data fusion through Kalman filtering to obtain the optimal estimation of the attitude angle.Then output the appropriate PWM wave through the PID control algorithm to control the speed of the motor,build a double closed-loop control to maintain the balance of the car,and can use the Bluetooth module to connect to the mobile phone for remote control.The experiment results show that this method can make the trolley have good balance and can effectively control the operation of the trolley.

关 键 词：PID 卡尔曼滤波 两轮自平衡小车 STM32F103C8T6 MPU6050 

分 类 号：TP13[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]