5个糯青稞新品种的选育及特性分析  

Breeding and Characterization of Five New Varieties of Waxy Hulless Barley

作　　者：涂洋 李式昭[1] 刘廷辉 伍玲[1] 朱华忠[1] TU Yang;LI Shi-zhao;LIU Ting-hui;WU Ling;ZHU Hua-zhong(Crop Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory ofWheat Biology and Genetic Breeding in Southwestern China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Environment-Friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610066,China;Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Kangding 626000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院作物研究所/农业农村部西南地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/粮油作物绿色种质创新与遗传改良四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]甘孜藏族自治州农业科学研究所,四川康定626000

出　　处：《大麦与谷类科学》2022年第6期15-22,共8页Barley and Cereal Sciences

基　　金：特色青稞种质资源发掘与利用(育种攻关绩效项目)(2022YFYZ0001)。

摘　　要：为选育出高产优质食用糯青稞新品种,并了解其营养成分,利用从国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)引进的糯青稞品种K10与国内非糯青稞品种进行杂交,通过系谱法+改良混合选择法育成5个粮用的糯青稞新品种,并检测其籽粒中的淀粉、蛋白质、氨基酸以及β-葡聚糖含量。所育5个糯青稞品种的平均产量从高到低依次为川大麦15087(4620.00 kg/hm^(2))、川青糯12259(4585.50 kg/hm^(2))、川大麦15086(4489.50 kg/hm^(2))、川糯大麦15085(4384.50 kg/hm^(2))、康青糯1号(3494.85 kg/hm^(2))。籽粒支链淀粉含量与总淀粉含量比值变幅为92.59%~97.61%,蛋白质含量变幅为12.10%~16.10%,β-葡聚糖含量变幅为2.46%~6.38%,其他各类氨基酸含量变幅为0.16%~4.26%。5个糯青稞品种不仅有较高的产量潜力,营养成分也较为丰富,具备较高的生产加工价值。The aims of this study were to breed new waxy hulless barley varieties with high quality and a high yielding ability,and to determine nutritional components in grains.Introduced from International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center,the waxy hulless barley variety K10 was used for crossbreeding with domestic hulless barley varieties,and five new waxy hulless barley varieties were bred by using pedigree method plus modified mass selection scheme.These new varieties were evaluated in terms of yield and grain quality,and the assessment of grain quality was based on its contents of starch,protein,amino acid,andβ-glucan.The average yields of the five varieties in two years showed the rank in a descending order:4620.00 kg/hm^(2)for Chuandamai 15087,4585.50 kg/hm^(2)for Chuanqingnuo 12259,4489.50 kg/hm^(2)for Chuandamai 15086,4384.50 kg/hm^(2)for Chuannuodamai 15085,and 3494.85 kg/hm^(2)for Kangqingnuo No.1.These varieties showed differences in the ratio of amylopectin content to total starch content in the range of 92.59%~97.61%,in protein content in the range of 12.10%~16.10%,inβ-glucan content in the range of 2.46%~6.38%,and in the contents of other amino acids in the range of 0.16%~4.26%.These results indicated that the five waxy hulless barley varieties not only have a relatively high yielding ability,but also are rich in nutrients;thus,they have relatively high production and processing values.

关 键 词：青稞育种 糯大麦 氨基酸 Β-葡聚糖 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学]