走向共同文化:雷蒙·威廉斯的文化思想再探  

Towards Common Culture: Further Probe into Raymond Williams’ Cultural Thoughts

作　　者：欧荣[1,2] OU Rong

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院 [2]杭州师范大学国际教育学院

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期91-99,共9页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西方核心概念考绎”(19ZDA291A291)。

摘　　要：雷蒙·威廉斯对文化观念的辨析、对英国文化批评传统的发掘和整理为英国的文化研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。对于威廉斯的“共同文化”立场,国内学界常视之为对以阿诺德、利维斯为代表的精英主义文化立场的背离,这种阐释未免过于简单化。威廉斯对利维斯的文化思想既有误读,也有继承和发展:他误读了利维斯的“少数人文化”,继承了利维斯对文化传统和共同语言的重视,发展了利维斯开创的“大众文化”批评范式;他认识到文化观念蕴含的阶级性,但也批判了狭隘的阶级文化论,更全面更具体地探索由不同阶级构成的共同体走向共同文化之路。Raymond Williams’ in-depth analysis of cultural views, as well as his excavation and collation of British cultural criticism tradition, establishes the solid foundation of British cultural studies. Domestic academia widely accept his proposition of “common culture” as deviation from the elitist cultural position represented by Matthew Arnold and F. R. Leavis, which is an over-simplified interpretation. As to Leavis’ cultural thoughts, the author argues, Williams misinterprets his notion of “minority culture”, inherits his stress on cultural tradition and common language, and develops Leavisite paradigm of criticism on “mass culture”. Williams recognizes the class character in views of culture and yet criticizes the narrow notion of class-restricted culture, so as to explore an overall and concrete way to the common culture fulfilled by a community composed of different classes.

关 键 词：威廉斯 利维斯 少数人文化 共同体 共同文化 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]