自我与他人视角的动态信息加工:一项行为振荡研究  

Dynamic information processing under self and another’s perspectives:A behavioral oscillation study

作　　者：孙楚 耿海燕 SUN Chu;GENG Haiyan(School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理与认知科学学院及行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《心理学报》2023年第2期224-236,共13页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32171053,31671131)。

摘　　要：为了实现流畅的社会互动,个体需要同时加工自我与他人视角下的信息,并能有效地区分二者。然而个体对自我与他人视角下的信息存在共享神经表征,那么大脑是如何在同时完成自我与他人视角信息加工的前提下又不至于混淆二者的呢?本文通过创新性的、具有高时间分辨率的内隐视觉观点采择任务,发现对于自我视角和他人视角下的信息加工存在频率约为1 Hz的行为振荡现象,并且二者存在180°左右的相位差。这一结果说明在有他人在场的社会情景中,自我视角与他人视角下的信息加工是一种具有周期性的交替优势的过程。Social interactions require individuals to take the perspectives of others and recognize that the views and beliefs of others are sometimes different from their own,these usually happen implicitly,concurrently with the processing of the self-perspective.Previous studies suggested that individuals obtain the mental state of others by imagining that they are in the body of others.This embodied experience when taking others’perspective arises from the neural mechanisms of shared self and other representations.An interesting but unanswered question is,if self-processing shares neural representations with other-processing,how individuals simultaneously process the self and others’perspectives in a social interaction.A possible hypothesis is that the brain processes these two types of information alternately and periodically,and when the alternation is fast enough,the two processes can appear to be simultaneous,and formulate behavioral oscillations,similar to that found in other cognitive processes such as attention and priming.Therefore,with three experiments,the current study explored whether there is a behavioral oscillation when individuals process information from the self-perspective and another person’s perspective.This study adopted a novel face-orientation judgement task to detect spontaneous visual perspective taking(VPT)and its behavioral oscillations.In this task,A top view image of an agent was presented,followed shortly by a central face of different orientations,briefly presented also on the computer screen.Participants were asked to make a quick judgement on the orientation of the central face presented.The accuracy of the judgment was used as the indicator of the participants’performance.Experiment 1 tested whether participants recognize better the upright faces under the perspective of the agent(i.e.another person),due to spontaneous VPT.Experiment 1used a 2(orientation of the agent)×3(orientation of the central face)within-subject design.The orientation of the agent had two levels:face to th

关 键 词：内隐社会认知 视觉观点采择 自我视角 他人视角 行为振荡 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]