宪章派诗歌中的阶级共同体形塑  

On the Formation of Class and Community in Chartist Poetry

作　　者：张和龙 Zhang Helong

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学文学研究院,上海200083

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2022年第11期74-81,206,207,共10页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“英国文学的命运共同体表征与审美研究”(19ZDA293)。

摘　　要：在文学研究界,“阶级”作为一个批评概念虽然失去了它原有的荣光,但纵观英国工人阶级斗争史与工人阶级文学史,阶级概念与阶级分析永远没有过时。英国宪章派诗歌是英国工人阶级生活实践与斗争实践的产物。宪章派诗人通过描写工人阶级共同的疾苦与生存处境,诉诸劳工阶层共有的阶级情感,用工人阶级意识形态将工人们的个体情感询唤为工人阶级的情感共同体。宪章派诗人经常采用二元对立叙事模式,构建工人阶级的集体身份意识,用团结理念形塑工人阶级的社群主义身份认同。宪章派诗人还主张跨越民族国家疆界的阶级联合,用国际主义精神形塑跨国工人阶级共同体,直接影响了早期马克思主义共同体理论的建构。宪章派诗歌凭借其独树一帜的工人阶级意识与共同体精神卓立于19世纪英国文坛,其社群主义价值观与国际主义精神拓宽了英国诗歌的主题边界与艺术表现力。In the literary research field,“class”as a critical concept has lost its original glory,but throughout the history of British working class struggle and working class literature,the class concept and class analysis are never outdated.The English Chartist poetry is the product of the life practice and struggle practice of the English working class.Chartist poets,by describing the common sufferings and living conditions of the working class,appealed to the class feelings shared by the working class,and used the working class ideology to call the individual feelings of workers as the emotional community of the working class.Chartist poets often adopt the dual opposite narrative mode to build the collective identity consciousness of the working class,and use the concept of unity to shape the working class’s communitarian identity.The Chartist poets also advocated class unity across the borders of national countries,and shaped the transnational working class community with the spirit of internationalism,which directly affected the construction of the early Marxist community theory.Chartist poetry stood out in the 19th century English literary world by virtue of its unique working class consciousness and community spirit.Its communitarian values and internationalism spirit widened the subject boundary and artistic expression of English poetry.

关 键 词：宪章运动 宪章派诗歌 阶级 共同体 社群主义 

分 类 号：I106.2[文学—世界文学]