工作记忆对数学学习困难儿童应用题解决的影响研究——基于工作记忆成分的视角  

The Effect of Working Memory on Word Problem Solving in Children with Math Learning Difficulties:A Working Memory Components Study

作　　者：王艳 朱楠[2] 陈影 WANG Yan;ZHU Nan;CHEN Ying(Shandong Vocational College of Special Education,Jinan,250022;School of Education,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079;Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062)

机构地区：[1]山东特殊教育职业学院,济南250022 [2]华中师范大学教育学院,武汉430079 [3]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2022年第11期46-54,共9页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学青年课题“高质量视域下融合教育巡回指导教师专业发展的机制与路径研究”(项目编号:CHA210265)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为探讨工作记忆成分对数学学习困难儿童应用题解决的影响机制,采用工作记忆成套测验、自编数学应用题解决能力测验,对数学学习困难儿童、数学学业普通儿童、数学学业优良儿童进行研究。结果发现:(1)数学学习困难儿童的工作记忆成分总体水平显著低于数学学业优良儿童和数学学业普通儿童,在中央执行系统、视空模板上的得分显著低于数学学业优良儿童和数学学业普通儿童,在语音环路上的得分显著低于数学学业优良儿童;(2)数学学习困难儿童的应用题解决水平显著低于数学学业优良儿童和数学学业普通儿童;(3)中央执行系统和视空模板显著正向预测应用题解决,语音环路对应用题解决无显著预测力。To explore the mechanism of working memory components on word problem solving in children with math learning difficulties,students with math learning difficulties,students with average math performance,and students with excellent math performance were investigated using the Working Memory Battery and self-developed Math Word Problem Solving Ability Test.The results showed that:1)the overall level of working memory components of children with math learning difficulties was significantly lower than that of children with excellent math performance and children with average math performance,the scores of central executive system and visual-spatial sketchpad were significantly lower than those of children with excellent math performance and children with average math performance,the scores of phonological loop were significantly lower than those of children with excellent math performance,whereas no significant difference was found with children with average math performance;2)the level of word problem solving of children with math learning difficulties was significantly lower than that of children with excellent math performance and children with average math performance;3)to test the predictive effect of working memory and its components,the central executive system and visual-spatial sketchpad significantly positively predicted word problem solving,while the phonological loop did not significantly predict word problem solving.

关 键 词：数学学习困难 工作记忆成分 应用题解决 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]