国外超常儿童教育经费投入保障机制及启示  

The Financial Investment Mechanism for Gifted Education Abroad and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：杜媛 方中雄[1] DU Yuan;FANG Zhongxiong(Beijing Academy of Educational Sciences,Beijing,100036)

机构地区：[1]北京教育科学研究院,北京100036

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2022年第11期72-79,共8页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：超常儿童教育是我国自主培养创新人才、实施人才强国战略的重要内容。建立健全经费投入保障机制,既是发展超常儿童教育的客观需求和前提条件,也是保障创新人才自主培养质量和超常儿童公平受教育权利的必需。国外实践经验表明,可以通过立法约束、集中投入、专门支持、多方筹措等多种途径保障超常儿童教育经费投入,同时也面临着对经费投入主体缺乏共识、地区间投入水平差异较大以及经费投入缺乏持续性和广泛覆盖等现实挑战。立足我国超常儿童教育发展实际,建议建立共识,明确政府投入主体责任并建立健全约束激励机制,完善多渠道经费筹措机制,通过机制创新积极探索、逐步完善超常儿童教育经费保障机制。Gifted education is an important component for cultivating innovative talents and implementing the strategy of developing a quality workforce in the new era,and is also an important part of constructing the high-quality education system.Establishing and improving the financial investment mechanism is not only the objective demand and prerequisite for the development of gifted education,but also the urgent need to guarantee the quality of independent cultivation of innovative talents and education equity for gifted children.Global experiences show that the finance investment for gifted education can be guaranteed through legislation,centralized investment,special support,and multi-party fundraising.At the same time,there are also practical challenges such as lack of consensus on the main body of the investment,difference in the level of investment across regions,and lack of continuous and extensive coverage of the investment.Based on the current situation of gifted education in China,it is suggested to establish consensus,clarify the main responsibility of the government in investment and establish the restraint and incentive mechanism,and improve the multi-channel financing mechanism,so as to explore and improve the financial investment mechanism for gifted education in China.

关 键 词：超常儿童教育 经费投入保障机制 国际经验 

分 类 号：G763[文化科学—特殊教育学]