一种测试油烟机风量的超声波系统  

An ultrasonic system for testing the range hood air vlume

作　　者：杨明月 郑桐福 鲍明 郭丰碑 张凯[1] YANG Mingyue;ZHENG Tongfu;BAO Ming;GUO Fengbei;ZHANG Kai(China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Robam Electric Appliance Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学,浙江杭州310018 [2]杭州老板电器股份有限公司,浙江杭州311100

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2023年第3期143-150,共8页Modern Electronics Technique

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11472260)。

摘　　要：利用时差法的原理,设计了一种基于超声波气体流量计的油烟机风量测试系统,并通过与粒子图像测速法(PIV)在同一实验条件下的测试结果对比同一轴线上的速度,评价超声波测油烟机风量的可行性和效果。该流量计由STM32F103主控芯片、高精度计时芯片TDC-GP22等组成,从硬件系统提高计时精度。针对超声波气体流量计在使用过程中普遍存在的波动幅度大、计量精度不高和稳定性差的问题,软件设计了数据滤波算法。测量时,油烟机吸油烟时存在的震动所引起的大幅度脉冲采用前置限幅滤波处理;根据风量大小,后置卡尔曼滤波算法与算术平均算法解决了风量数据抖动的问题。超声波方式与PIV方法相比,超声波测量风量的效率更高,能够监测到风量在极小点的数据并实时显示,与PIV方式测量的结果相比误差在2%范围内,证明超声波法能够实现风量的计量,并具有较高的精度。A range hood air volume measurement system based on ultrasonic gas flowmeter is designed by means of the principle of time difference method.The feasibility and effect of ultrasonic air volume measurement of range hood are evaluated by comparing the velocity on the same axis with the test results of particle image velocity(PIV)measurement under the same experimental conditions.The flowmeter is composed of STM32F103 master control chip,high-precision timing chip TDC-GP22,etc.,which can improve the timing accuracy from the hardware system.In allusion to the problems of large fluctuation range,low measurement accuracy and poor stability in the use of ultrasonic gas flowmeter,a data filtering algorithm is designed by software.During the measurement,the large amplitude pulse caused by the vibration when the range hood is sucking oil smoke is processed by means of pre limiting filtering.According to the air volume,post Kalman filtering algorithm and arithmetic average algorithm are used to solve the problem of air volume data jitterring.In comparison with PIV method,ultrasonic method has higher efficiency in measuring air volume,and can monitor the data of air volume at a very small point and display it in real time.The error between ultrasonic method and PIV method is within 2%,which proves that ultrasonic method can realize the measurement of air volume and has a high precision.

关 键 词：超声波流量计 滤波算法 风量计量 油烟机 粒子图像测速法 时差法 卡尔曼滤波 算术平均滤波 

分 类 号：TN99-34[电子电信—信号与信息处理]