上海市禽肉中沙门菌流行特征、耐药分析和定量风险评估  

Epidemic characteristics, drug-resistant analysis and quantitative risk assessment of Salmonella in poultry meat in Shanghai

作　　者：蔡华[1] 宋夏[1] 徐碧瑶[1] 邱丹萍 秦璐昕[1] 杨京津 罗宝章[1] 刘弘[1] CAI Hua;SONG Xia;XU Biyao;QIU Danping;QIN Luxin;YANG Jingjin;LUO Baozhang;LIU Hong(Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心,上海200336

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2022年第5期990-996,共7页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1600100);上海市公人卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2020-2022年)优秀人才培养计划(GWV-10.2-YQ21)。

摘　　要：目的 了解上海市禽肉中沙门菌污染及耐药情况,并定量评估其风险。方法 应用微生物风险评估的方法,通过危害识别、危害特征描述、暴露评估和风险特征4个步骤对禽肉中沙门菌进行风险评估。危害识别和危害特征描述资料来源于公开发表的文献、报告,结合沙门菌污染和禽肉消费量数据,应用Beta-Poisson剂量-反应模型和蒙特卡洛模拟进行暴露评估、风险特征描述。结果 上海市市售禽肉中沙门菌检出率为13.0%(68/522),78.2%(43/55)的沙门菌为耐药菌株,对氨苄西林、四环素和氨苄西林-舒巴坦的耐药率超过30%,多重耐药率达43.6%(24/55)。每次因食用禽肉发生沙门菌感染的概率为8.32×10^(-5),每年因禽肉中沙门菌感染而致病的人数预期为25 339例,其中耐药菌株感染人数19 815例,多重耐药菌株感染人数11 048例。敏感度分析显示影响较大的是初始污染浓度、每份消费量以及两项交叉污染参数。结论 上海市禽肉中沙门菌耐药水平较高,多重耐药程度严重,存在相对较高的健康风险。交叉污染是其致病风险的重要因素。Objective To investigate the contamination and drug-resistant distribution of Salmonella in poultry meat in Shanghai and conduct a quantitative risk assessment.MethodsAccording to the method of microbiological risk assessment,the risk assessment of Salmonella in poultry meat was carried out by four steps:hazard identification,hazard characterization,exposure assessment and risk characterization.The data for hazard identification and hazard characterization were derived from published scientific literatures and reports.Combining quantitative data of Salmonella with residents’consumption data of poultry meat,a Beta-Poisson dose-response model and Monte Carlo simulation method were applied to analyze the health risk.ResultsThe contamination rate of Salmonella in poultry meat was 13.0%(68/522)in Shanghai and about 78.2%(43/55)of the isolates showed antimicrobial resistance.The resistance rate to ampicillin,tetracycline and ampicillin/sulbactam was over 30%.The multiple drug resistance rate was 43.6%(24/55).Estimated probability of infectious illness was 8.32×10^(-5).That indicated the number of illnesses might reach 25 339 cases every year,of which 19 815 were infected by drug-resistant strains and 11 048 were infected by multi-drug-resistant strains.Sensitivity analysis showed that the initial contamination concentration,consumption per serving and two crosscontamination parameters had greater impact.ConclusionA high level antimicrobial resistance was found among Salmonella isolates from poultry meat in Shanghai,so was the multi-drug resistance condition.The risk of Salmonella in poultry meat is relatively high for Shanghai population,and cross-contamination is one of the main factors.

关 键 词：耐药沙门菌 禽肉 交叉污染 定量风险评估 蒙特卡洛模拟 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]