基于海面场景感知的红外小目标检测方法  

Infrared Small Target Detection Method Based on Maritime Scene Perception

作　　者：朱勇[1] 肖沁 李正周[1] 刘国金[1] 秦天奇 ZHU Yong;XIAO Qin;LI Zhengzhou;LIU Guojin;QIN Tianqi(School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;Sichuan Institute of Aerospace Electronic Equipment,Chengdu,Sichuan 610100,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学微电子与通信工程学院,重庆400044 [2]四川航天电子设备研究所,成都610100

出　　处：《光子学报》2022年第12期286-303,共18页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.61675036);国防预研基金(No.6140415020312)。

摘　　要：逆光条件下弹载红外图像的密集鱼鳞波、海面亮带以及岛屿杂波严重影响了远距离红外小目标的检测性能。本文通过感知非平稳海面杂波成份存在的区域及起伏状态构建海面场景信息,采取与背景杂波相适应的信号处理方法精细检测小目标。首先,结合结构张量和Hough变换检测海天岛屿区,利用Bernaola-Galavan分割算法和方差加权信息熵表征的复杂度感知鱼鳞波、海面亮带等杂波成份,构建出海天区、平稳海区、波动海区、岛屿区的场景信息。然后,针对边缘性结构强的海天线和岛屿,提出基于方向性差异的杂波抑制算法压制杂波;在平稳海区使用顶帽变换压制杂波;在鱼鳞波、海面亮带的波动海区,提出融合灰度梯度杂波抑制算法抑制背景。最后,海天岛屿区、波动海区采用恒虚警阈值检测目标,而平稳海区采用局部峰值判决策略检测目标。相比现有先进信号检测法,实验结果表明所提方法能有效适应不同海面背景杂波,提高复杂背景下小目标检测准确性和鲁棒性。Maritime infrared small target detection plays a very important role in the field of safeguarding marine security and marine rescue.The long-distance ship target degenerates into a small spot in an infrared image,which has the characteristics of small size,weak intensity,serious lack of texture information,and is easily disturbed by noise.Meanwhile,the background clutters in infrared images presented by missile-borne infrared imaging system under backlighting conditions,such as sea-sky horizon line,island clutters,dense sea glints and sea surface bright band-like zone with high grayscale seriously affect the detection performance of long-distance infrared small targets,which can easily lead to target missed detection and false alarms.Only using one strategy to filter an infrared image may result very poor performance of small weak target detection.The reason for this situation is that the high-intensity clutter will interfere with the small target detection in the low-intensity clutter regions and the targets will interact with each other in the detection process.Therefore,using different strategies to filter different local regions of an infrared image is an effective target signal detection scheme.This paper mainly focuses on the key technologies that develop a high detection performance solution of infrared small targets under the complex maritime background.In this paper,the maritime scene perception information is constructed by sensing the regions where the non-stationary sea surface background clutters components exist and their fluctuation states,and the signal processing method adapted to the background clutter is adopted to refine the detection of small targets.Aiming at the characteristics of marine infrared imaging,the background clutters of the non-stationary maritime surface are perceived and the information of infrared marine scene is constructed.Firstly,the large eigenvalue of the structure tensor and Hough transform of an infrared image are used to detect the sea-sky horizon line.The connected re

关 键 词：海面背景 场景感知 杂波抑制 目标检测 小弱目标 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]