大学生自尊与自我控制对空间能力性别刻板印象效应的影响  

Effects of self-esteem and self-control on gender stereotype in spatial ability among college students

作　　者：姜兆萍[1] 钱会 JIANG Zhaoping;QIAN Hui(Department of Psychology,School of Philosophy of Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院心理学系,武汉430072

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2023年第1期78-84,共7页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:探讨自尊和自我控制在大学生空间能力性别刻板印象威胁和提升效应中的共同调节作用。方法:将140名大学生随机分到空间能力性别刻板印象启动组和非启动对照组,启动组69名(男34名),对照组71名(男34名)。采用Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、自我控制量表(SCS)和心理旋转测验(MRT)测量自尊、自我控制和空间能力;采用方差分析检验空间能力的性别刻板印象威胁与提升效应,采用调节作用模型分析自尊和自我控制对这两种效应的调节作用。结果:女性启动组的MRT正确率低于对照组(P<0.01);RSES得分×组别和SCS得分×组别共同预测女性MRT正确率(ΔR^(2)=0.08,P<0.05),女性的自尊和自我控制均处于低水平时,组别与MRT正确率存在负向关联。结论:自尊与自我控制共同调节女性的空间能力性别刻板印象威胁效应,当女性的自尊和自我控制水平都低时,其MRT成绩会受空间能力性别刻板印象的影响而降低。Objective:To explore the co-moderating effect of self-esteem and self-control on gender space stereotype threat and liftin spatial ability among college students.Methods:Totally 140 college students were randomly assigned to the group with priming the gender stereotype in spatial ability(n=69,34 males)and the control group without priming(n=71,34 males).Participants were assessed with the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale(SES),Self-Control Scale(SCS)and the Mental Rotation Test(MRT).ANOVA was used to test the effects of gender stereotype threat and lift on spatial ability,and the moderating effect model was used to analyze the moderating effects of self-esteem and self-control on the gender stereotype threat and lift in spatial ability.Results:The priming group showed lower accuracies of MRT than the control group in females(P<0.01).A joint of the interaction between SES scores and group and the interaction between SCS scores and group predicted the accuracy of MRT(ΔR^(2)=0.08,P<0.05)in females.When the self-esteem and self-control of females were both at a low level,there was a negative correlation between group and the accuracy of MRT.Conclusion:The self-esteem and self-control only co-moderated females′gender stereotype threat effect in spatial ability.When both of women′sself-esteem and self-control are at a low level,their performances of MRT are affected by the gender stereotype of spatial ability.

关 键 词：刻板印象威胁 刻板印象提升 空间能力 自尊 自我控制 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]