福建省7~17岁儿童青少年膳食质量评价  

EVALUATION OF DIETARY QUALITY OF SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN FUJIAN PROVINCE

作　　者：李扬帆 阳丽君[1] 江美花 黄峥[1] 吴慧丹[1] 赖善榕[1] LIYang-fan;YANG Li-jun;JIANG Mei-hua;HUANG Zheng;WU Hui-dan;LAI Shang-rong(Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福州350001

出　　处：《营养学报》2022年第5期436-441,共6页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

摘　　要：目的 了解本省儿童、青少年的营养状况,发现存在的营养问题,为制定针对性的干预措施提供流行病学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,从本省9个设区市选取学龄期儿童,通过3d24h膳食调查法进行膳食调查,采用中国儿童膳食指数(CCDI-2016)评价膳食质量,并进行不同人口学特征间的差异比较。结果 城市青少年的总膳食得分高于农村地区(67.62 vs 65.44,P=0.009)。女性的总膳食得分高于男性(68.03 vs 65.28,P=0.04)。其中谷类、蛋类及水产品的摄入量达推荐值,膳食指数得分较高,分别为8.70(6.89~9.88),6.88(0~10),7.09(2.01~10)。蔬菜、豆类摄入不足,膳食指数得分较低,分别为5.11(3.39~7.52),4.12(0~10)。水果和奶类摄入严重缺乏,膳食指数得分分别为0(0~4.57),0(0~5.41)。禽畜肉类摄入过量,膳食指数得分低,为0(0~2.17)。进一步分层分析表明,女生水果、豆类、膳食纤维及禽畜肉类的膳食指数评分高于男生(P水果<0.001;P豆类=0.003;P膳食纤维<0.001;P禽畜肉类=0.021)。城市儿童水产品、维生素A的膳食指数评分高于农村地区儿童(P水产品<0.001;P维生素A=0.007)。随着年龄增加,谷类、蔬菜及豆类的膳食指数评分逐渐增高,但维生素A的评分降低(P谷类P<0.001P蔬菜=0.043,P豆类=0.005;P维生素A<0.001)。结论 城市儿童青少年膳食质量优于农村地区儿童青少年,女生的膳食质量优于男生,但整体膳食质量仍有待提高。谷类、水产品及蛋类摄入达到推荐范围,应适当增加蔬菜、豆类的摄入,减少禽畜肉类的食用,保证充足的水果、奶类摄入。[营养学报,2022,44(5):436-441]Objective To evaluate the dietary quality of school-age children in Fujian. Methods Children aged 7 to 17 were selected via multi-stage cluster random sampling.The 3-day 24-hour dietary survey method was used.The Chinese Children’s Dietary Index(CCDI-2016) was adopted to evaluate dietary quality. Results The total dietary scores of urban children were higher than those of rural ones(67.62 VS 65.44, P=0.009). The total dietary score for girls was higher than that for boys(68.03 VS 65.28, P=0.04).The intakes of cereals, eggs and aquatic products met the recommended values, and the scores of dietary indexes were as high, as 8.70(6.89-9.88), 6.88(0-10), and 7.09(2.01-10), respectively. The intakes of vegetables and beans were insufficient, and the scores of dietary indexes were as low as 5.11(3.39-7.52) and 4.12(0-10),respectively. The intakes of fruits and milk were far from adequate, and the scores of dietary indexes were 0(0-4.57) and 0(0-5.41) respectively. There were excessive intakes of poultry meat, and the score of dietary indexes was 0(0-2.17).Further analysis found that the scores of dietary indexes of fruits, beans, dietary fiber and poultry meat were higher among girls than among boys(P fruit<0.001;P Beans=0.003;P dietary fiber<0.001;P poultry meat= 0.021). The dietary index scores of seafood and vitamin A among urban children were higher than among rural ones(P sea food <0.001;P vitamin A=0.007). The dietary index scores of cereals, vegetables and beans gradually increased along with age(P cereals<0.001, P vegetables=0.043, P beans=0.005),but the score of vitamin A was decreased(P vitamin As<0.001). Conclusion The dietary quality among urban children is better than that among rural children, and better among girls than among boys. The intakes of cereals, seafood and eggs have reached the recommended levels. The consumption of vegetables and beans should be appropriately increased, while that of poultry meat should be reduced, and sufficient intakes of fruits and milk intake should be ensured. [ACTA NUT

关 键 词：中国儿童膳食指数(CCDI-2016) 3d 24h膳食调查 膳食质量 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]