哈茨木霉菌HNA12在防控玉米黄曲霉毒素污染中的应用  

Trichoderma harzianum HNA12 and its application in controlling aflatoxin contamination in maize

作　　者：张丽芳[1] 许旖旎[1] 曹阳[1] 刘力强 ZHANG Lifang;XU Yini;CAO Yang;LIU Liqiang(Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College,Huai'an 223003,China;Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏食品药品职业技术学院,江苏淮安223003 [2]河北科技大学,石家庄050018

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第12期2688-2693,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

摘　　要：为从源头控制真菌毒素污染,本实验开展了玉米黄曲霉毒素污染拮抗微生物高通量筛选及生物防治研究。从江苏、山东、山西和河南等主产区的健康玉米籽粒内分离到1055株木霉菌,其中,10株木霉菌拮抗带宽超过8 mm,抑制率为36.5%~90.0%。活体实验发现,7株木霉对黄曲霉菌有较强的抑制作用,抑制率为44.2%~87.0%,对黄曲霉毒素污染的抑毒率为40.5%~85.0%。试验菌株中,HNA12、T40-3和T85-5对黄曲霉菌的防治效果最高,分别达到87.0%、68.8%和64.5%,HNA12、T21-1和T40-3抑毒率最强,分别达到85.0%、75.2%和68.5%。田间试验显示,菌株HNA12的促生率及抑毒率最高,分别达到10.5%及90.5%,生防潜力巨大。经形态学及分子生物学分析,菌株HNA12被鉴定为哈茨木霉。拮抗机制实验证明,菌株HNA12发酵产物及其蛋白提取物对黄曲霉菌生长有较强的抑制能力,可以作为微生物制剂开发应用。To control mycotoxin contamination from the source,high throughput screening and biological control of antagonistic microorganisms against aflatoxin contamination of maize were carried out in this study.In total,1055 strains of Trichoderma were isolated from healthy maize seeds collected from Jiangsu,Shandong,Shanxi and Henan provinces.Among them,10 isolates showed antagonistic activity with a band width of more than 8 mm,and the inhibition rate was ranged from 36.5%to 90.0%.Vivo experiments showed that 7Trichoderma strains had potent inhibitory effects against A.flavus with a rate of 44.2%to 87.0%,and the inhibition rate against aflatoxin ranged from 40.5% to 85.0%.Among the strains tested,the control efficiency of HNA12,T40-3,and T85-5 against A.flavus was 87.0%,68.8%,and 64.5%,respectively.The strains with the highest inhibition rates of 85.0%,75.2%,and 68.5% against aflatoxin were HNA12,T21-1,and T40-3,respectively.Field trial results showed that HNA12 had the highest growth promotion and aflatoxin inhibition rates of10.5%and 90.5%,respectively,indicating a great potential for biocontrol.Based on morphological and molecular biological analyses,strain HNA12 was identified as Trichoderma harzianum.Antagonistic mechanism test showed that the fermentation product and the protein extract of the strain HNA12 had a strong inhibition ability on the growth of A.flavus,and it could be used as a microbial agent with broad application prospect.

关 键 词：玉米 真菌毒素 污染 木霉菌 生物控制 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]