三阶段式单病种教学查房在专科医师规范化培训中的应用  

Application of Three-stage Single Disease Teaching Ward Round in Standardized Training of Specialists

作　　者：梁美玲 谭宏涛[2] 郭庆峰[1] 赵秀丽[3] 孟宪志[2] 孟庆辉[2] 薛东波[2] 孙备[2] LIANG Meiling;TAN Hongtao;GUO Qingfeng;ZHAO Xiuli;MENG Xianzhi;MENG Qinghui;XUE Dongbo;SUN Bei(Department of Teaching Affairs,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001,China;Department of Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001,China;Department of Neurology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院教务部,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院外科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院神经内科,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2023年第3期162-166,共5页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究项目(SJGY 20190420);黑龙江省高等教育教学改革研究项目(SJGY20180316);黑龙江省教育科学“十三五”规划课题重点课题(GBB1318068);黑龙江省教育科学“十四五”规划课题重点课题(GJB1422769);哈尔滨医科大学教育科学研究课题重点课题(XZ202204)。

摘　　要：教学查房是临床实践教学的重要环节,是培养住院医师和专科医师临床能力的有效途径。文章介绍了哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院专科医师规范化培训基地开展三阶段式单病种教学查房的经验,详细解读了教学查房的目的、目标、准备、过程、基本要求和考核评价。三阶段式单病种教学查房是以本学科专业单病种的典型病例为核心,通过以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)和以案例为导向的教学法(case-based learning,CBL),结合“三基三严”进行启发式教学,进而促进专科医师把基本知识、基本理论转化为临床思维能力,把基本技能转化为临床诊疗实践能力。专科医师规范化培训基地通过定期的考核评价不断提升教师的教学能力和水平,同时促进基地的师资教学水平实现规范化和同质化。To explore the establishment of a standardized training system for specialists guided by competence is an urgent requirement for the high-quality development of health care in the new era of China.Teaching ward round is an important part of clinical practice teaching and an effective way to cultivate the clinical ability of residents and specialists.This paper introduces the experience of three-stage single disease teaching ward round in the specialist training base of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University,and explains in detail the purpose,objective,preparation,process,basic requirements,and assessment of teaching ward round.The three-stage single disease teaching ward round takes the typical cases of single disease in the discipline as the core,through the problem-based learning(PBL)and case-based learning(CBL)teaching mode,combined with the"three bases and three strict"to carry out heuristic teaching,so as to promote the specialists to transform the basic knowledge and basic theory into clinical thinking ability,transform basic skills into clinical diagnosis and treatment practical ability.The specialist training base continuously improves teachers’teaching ability and level through regular assessment and evaluation,and promotes the standardization and homogenization of teachers’teaching level in the base.

关 键 词：专科医师 住院医师规范化培训 教学查房 临床思维 实践能力 教学能力 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]