考虑动态双参考点的多用户网络均衡与演化  

Multi-User Network Equilibrium and Evolution Based on Two Dynamic Reference Points

作　　者：江晓岚 田丽君 JIANG Xiaolan;TIAN Lijun(School of Economic and Management,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116)

机构地区：[1]福州大学经济与管理学院,福州350116

出　　处：《系统科学与数学》2022年第11期2928-2941,共14页Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金重点项目(2022J02014)资助课题。

摘　　要：在不确定的交通网络中,出行个体的风险态度和参考依赖行为对日常路径选择结果具有显著影响.文章以累积前景理论为框架,引入基于试错法的动态拥挤收费,将时间和费用作为两个维度分开考虑,假设日常时间参考点与出行者的风险态度和感知出行时间相关,费用参考点与出行个体的时间价值和可节省的出行时间相关,均随着每日感知出行时间变化而动态调整,在此基础上提出了考虑时间和费用双参考点的动态网络均衡模型.算例结果表明:路径流量与拥挤收费在经过一段时间的演化后均会达到均衡状态,实施动态拥挤收费可将路段流量控制在一定范围之内,降低平均出行时间.此外,时间价值较低的用户偏向于选择平均出行时间较长但收费水平较低的路径,而时间价值较高的用户倾向于选择平均出行时间较短而费用较高的路径,且这一趋势会随着损失或获得敏感度或时间费用前景值权重的增加而愈发明显.In uncertain traffic network,commuters’ risk attitude and referencedependent behaviors play an important role in the day-to-day route choice process.Under the framework of cumulative prospect theory,this paper introduces a trialand-error dynamic congestion pricing scheme,and separates the time and toll into two dimensions.It further assumes that the individuals’ daily time reference points are related to their risk attitude and perceived travel time,and the daily toll reference points are dependent on their value of time and saved travel time,and all of them dynamically varies with the day-to-day perceived travel time.With this setting,a dynamic user equilibrium model is proposed with consideration of two reference points,i.e.,time reference point and toll reference point.The results indicate that the path flows and congestion tolls all could reach to the equilibrium state after a period of evolution,and the congestion tolls can help to control the link flow in a certain range and thus reduce the commuters’ average travel time.Furthermore,it finds that the users with lower value of time are inclined to choose the routes with lower toll and higher travel time,and the users with higher value of time prefer to the routes with higher toll and lower travel time,and this trend is more obvious for a higher gain or loss sensitivity or prospect value weight with respect to time and cost.

关 键 词：交通网络 日常路径选择 累积前景理论 参考点 异质性 拥挤收费 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]