有氧活动降低学龄儿童抑郁状态研究:基于社会心理功能5维度的多重中介效应分析  

Aerobic activity reducing depression in school-age children:a multiple mediation effects analysis based on five dimensions of psychosocial functioning

作　　者：张梦洁 戴元富 王琛[2] 谢弟发 蒋长好[4] ZHANG Mengjie;DAI Yuanfu;WANG Chen;XIE Difa;JIANG Changhao(School of Physical Education and Sport Science,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350108,China;Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100191,China;Central Primary School of Donghua Town,Qingyuan,Guangdong 513061,China;Center of Neuroscience and Sports,Capital University of Physical Education and Sports,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学体育科学学院,福建福州市350108 [2]首都体育学院,北京市100191 [3]东华镇中心小学,广东清远市513061 [4]首都体育学院运动脑科学研究中心,北京市100089

出　　处：《中国康复理论与实践》2023年第1期12-19,共8页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Theory and Practice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31771244);北京市社会科学基金项目(No.19YTA001);北京市自然科学基金项目(No.5212002);国家蛋白中心(北京)-北大分中心课题(No.KF-202102)。

摘　　要：目的探究有氧能力对学龄儿童抑郁状态的影响机制,以及社会心理功能5维度(情感症状、品行问题、同伴问题、亲社会行为和过度活跃)在两者间的多重中介作用。方法2021年10至12月,采用整群抽样法,选取两所小学二至五年级学生,采用20米折返跑、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表和长处和困难问卷进行调查。结果共391例学生参加有氧能力测试,其中312例参与问卷调查,回收有效问卷294份。有氧能力、抑郁状态、情感症状、同伴问题、亲社会行为和过度活跃各变量间两两相关(|r|>0.127,P<0.05)(除有氧能力与同伴问题、情感症状与亲社会行为外);多重中介效应模型结果显示,有氧能力直接显著负向预测抑郁状态;情感症状、同伴问题、亲社会行为和过度活跃的中介作用显著,分别占中介效应量的34.37%、12.54%、34.06%和17.80%。结论有氧能力既直接影响学龄儿童抑郁状态,也可通过降低情感症状、同伴问题、过度活跃,增加亲社会行为等途径,提高社会心理功能,间接影响抑郁状态。Objective To explore the mechanism of aerobic capacity on depression in school-age children,and the multiple mediators of the five dimensions of psychosocial functioning(emotional symptoms,conduct problems,peer problems,prosocial behavior and hyperactivity)between aerobic capacity and depression.Methods From October to December,2021,pupils of Grade two to Grade five from two primary schools were chestersampled and investigated using 20-meter multistage shuttle run test,Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children,Self-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.Results A total of 391 pupils underwent 20-meter multistage shuttle run test,and 312 out of them answering the questionnaires,and 294 questionnaires were valid.Aerobic capacity,depression,emotional symptoms,peer problems,prosocial behavior and hyperactivity were significantly correlated with each other(|r|>0.127,P<0.05)(except aerobic capacity and peer problems,and emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior).The results of the multiple mediation effect model showed that aerobic capacity could directly and negatively predict depression,and the mediating effects of emotional symptoms,peer problems,prosocial behavior and hyperactivity were significant,accounting for 34.37%,12.54%,34.06%and 17.80%of the total mediating effect,respectively.Conclusion The aerobic capacity could not only directly affect depression of school-age children,but also improve their psychosocial functioning by reducing emotional symptoms,peer problems and hyperactivity,and increasing prosocial behavior,to indirectly affect their depression.

关 键 词：学龄儿童 抑郁 有氧能力 社会心理功能 

分 类 号：R749.7[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]