《庄子·天地》篇的黄老思想特征  

The Characteristics of Huang Lao’s Thoughts in The Article Heaven and Earth of Zhuangzi

作　　者：张天奇 ZHANG Tianqi(School of Philosophy,Research Center for Value and Culture,Collaborative Innovation Center for Core Socialist Values,Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学哲学学院、价值与文化研究中心、社会主义核心价值观协同创新中心

出　　处：《当代中国价值观研究》2022年第5期49-58,共10页Chinese Journal of Contemporary Values

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“黄老道家生命哲学的思想内涵与渊源流变”(18XZX007)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《庄子·天地》篇的思想在承袭老庄之学的同时,汲取了黄老学派的理论,具有丰富的黄老思想特征。在道论上,《天地》突出了“天”的地位和价值,并以“天”的内涵来定义兼摄“道”的意义,使玄虚抽象的“道”开始具有物质性和规律性的特征,因而能被人类的认识所掌握。天道与人事相通,《天地》依据推天道以明人事的原则,为性修的工夫论和人事活动奠定了基本依据。《天地》推崇的“圣治”,是以天、道为形上依据,以君无为而臣有为为治国方略,努力实现君臣各司其职、百姓自然归往的道家理想之治。但由于《天地》先天具有的内部矛盾,导致其在承接《庄子》内篇与融会百家之间,并未实现真正的有机统一。The article heaven and earth of Zhuangzi inherits the learning of Laozi and Zhuangzi,and draws on the school of Huang and Lao,with rich characteristics of Huang and Lao thoughts.Ideologically,the article Heaven and Earth highlights the status and value of “heaven”,and defines and covers “Tao” with the connotation of “heaven”,so that the abstract “Tao” begins to have the characteristics of materiality and regularity,and can be mastered by mankind.The principle that heaven and human beings are interlinked,and the principle of pushing heaven to clarify human beings has laid a basic foundation for the efforts of nature cultivation and human activities.A monarch rules by doing nothing,but a minister does something,it is the development of the method of governing the country.The “holy governance” advocated in the article heaven and earth is based on “heaven” and takes the inaction of the monarch as the premise.The subjects perform their duties and the people in the world live and work in peace and contentment.However,due to the inherent internal contradictions of the article Heaven and Earth,it did not realize the real organic unity between undertaking the inner chapters of Zhuangzi and integrating hundreds of schools of thought.

关 键 词：《天地》 黄老 庄子 

分 类 号：B233[哲学宗教—中国哲学]